The nuclease, DNA polymerase, and ligase are the enzymes involved in nucleotide excision repair.
Nucleotide excision repair serves what purpose?Mammals primarily use nucleotide excision repair (NER) to remove large DNA lesions from DNA, such as those caused by UV light, environmental mutagens, and some cancer chemotherapeutic adducts.
In nucleotide incision repair (NIR), an endonuclease nicks DNA that has been oxidatively damaged in a way that is independent of DNA glycosylase while also repairing the remaining 5'-dangling modified nucleotide.
The base excision repair system recognises small, non-distorting damages in the DNA helix, whereas the nucleotide excision repair system recognises large, DNA helix distorting damages.
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In the control sample histogram, does the population of cells in the s phase show a distinct peak? why or why not?.
Answer:
No, the DNA content per cell changes as the S phase progresses, so the cells in S phase have a range of fluorescence levels.
Explanation:
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what results would you expect if you crossed a homozygous red fish with a homozygous blue fish and then backcrossed the f1 with a homozygous red parental fish?
Lacerate leaves are caused by a dominant allele at gene A, gene B, or both. Last but not least, the parents had to be AA BB lacerate aa BB normal.
what is dominant allele?
Dominant describes the association between two genetic variations. An individual inherits one of each of the two alleles for each gene from each parent. If the alleles are distinct, only one of the gene's alleles—referred to as the dominant gene—will be expressed. The other allele, referred to as the recessive one, has no effect.
Dominant/recessive interactions are the most frequent type of allele-allele interaction. One allele of a gene is said to be dominant when it significantly dominates the other (recessive) allele. Two examples of dominant/recessive gene interactions are blood types and eye color.
Therefore, Lacerate leaves are caused by a dominant allele at gene A, gene B, or both. Last but not least, the parents had to be AA BB lacerate aa BB normal.
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Fresh milk should be received at 57 degrees f or lower. Responses false false true.
Fresh milk should be received at 57 degrees F or lower is false.
How to store fresh milk?Fresh milk is categorized mainly by the amount of butterfat it contains. Fresh milk does not contаin аny preservаtives, hence it hаs to go through а pаsteurizаtion process to extend its shelf life. Аll fresh fluid milk should be stored аt temperаtures below 40 °F аnd should not be stаcked high in the displаy cаses. If stored аbove 40 °F, milk will begin to develop signs of spoilаge, including sour odour, off-flаvor аnd curdled consistency. So, fresh milk should not be left out at room temperature.
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In a pecie of fly, mooth wing (W) are dominant to wrinkled wing (w) and red bodie (R) are dominant to yellow bodie (r). A WwRr and wwrr fly mate and produce the following offpring:
Phenotype Number of Offpring
Smooth, red 778
Smooth, yellow 162
Wrinkled, red 158
Wrinkled, yellow 785
What i the percent recombination frequency for thi cro?
Round to nearet whole number. \%%
The percent recombination frequency of the offspring produced by the cross between WwRr and wwrr fly will be approximately 17%.
Recombination frequency is the proportion of the recombinant offspring (whose trait is different from the parents) produced by a cross.
It can be calculated by the formula: (Total number of recombinant offspring / total number of offspring produced ) × 100.
In the question, the trait of parents is: smooth and red (WwRr) and wrinkled and yellow (wwrr).
Therefore, offspring having trait combinations other that this are recombinants. Thus the total number or offspring will be:
Smooth, yellow + Wrinkled, red = 162 + 158 = 320.
The total number of offspring produced by the cross are: 778+162+158+785 = 1883.
Therefore, the percentage recombination frequency = (320÷1883) × 100 = 16.99 %.
The nearest whole number to this value is 17 %.
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an exaggerated thoracic curvature of the vertebral column is called: group of answer choices
An exaggerated thoracic curvature of the vertebral column is called as kyphosis.
What is kyphosis?
An unusually bent spine is typically referred to as a hunchback (kyphosis). It most frequently affects elderly women, and osteoporosis is frequently a factor.
The ligaments and muscles that support the vertebrae can get stretched as a result of poor posture in children, such as slouching, leaning back in seats, and carrying heavy schoolbags. Kyphosis may arise from this pulling the thoracic vertebrae out of their natural alignment.
The spine should not curv outward as much in patients with kyphosis. The upper back appears too rounded as a result.
To treat kyphosis, a procedure known as spinal fusion is typically employed.
Therefore, an exaggerated thoracic curvature of the vertebral column is called as kyphosis.
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Read the following article describing a current marine issue.
Household vinegar advances the fight against crown of thorns starfish threat on Great Barrier Reef
ABC North Qld
By Kathleen Calderwood and Isobel Roe
Crown of thorns starfish (COTS) is a pest which eats coral tissues, posing a huge threat to the reef. Australian
Institute of Marine Science research showed coral cover on surveyed reefs had declined by about 50% over
the past 30 years, with COTS responsible for almost half of that decline. James Cook University scientist Lisa
Boström-Einarsson searched for an eradication method for COTS that was cheap, easily available and safe
for everything other than the starfish themselves. Her method involved injecting the COTS with 20 milliliters
of household vinegar. The trial saw a 100% kill rate within 48 hours of injection. "I tried alcohol [first] and that
did not work very well, and then I heard some rumors that some people had used vinegar but had not had
very good results," Ms Boström-Einarsson said. "So I refined the methods a little bit and then it turned out to
work really well." Ms Boström-Einarsson said the starfish were mostly water inside and could not tolerate the
acidity of the vinegar. "The acid basically just melts their insides," she said. "It is quite dramatic the way they
go and within 24 hours there is basically just slime left-it is not pretty."
Explain the scientific procedure followed in the article by describing the following: (4 points)
1. State the problem
2. Identify a hypothesis from the article
3. Identify the procedures used in the experiment
4. Describe the results
1. State the problem: This COTS pest destroys coral tissues, endangering the reefs severely. Marine Science investigated the matter and discovered that COTS was to blame for the coral cover on measured reefs declining by around 50% during the previous 30 years.
2. Identify a hypothesis from the article: If Lisa succeeds in eliminating COTS, the COTs may begin to perish.
3. Identify the procedures used in the experiment: So Lisa looked for a COTS eradication approach that was affordable, simple to apply, and safe for all organisms except starfish. She utilized alcohol and vinegar because it was convenient and affordable.
4. Describe the results: Lisa initially tried using alcohol, but she soon realized that it did not work. After hearing reports that other people had used vinegar, but had received poor results, Lisa slightly improved the procedures, which eventually proved to be quite effective. After all, it was determined that because starfish were primarily made of water, they could not withstand the acidity of the vinegar. As a result, the starfish were killed within 24 hours, leaving only slime.
What is COTS?
Acanthaster planci, often known as the COTS, is a type of corallivore that lives naturally on coral reefs and consumes coral polyps. They come in a variety of colors, from reddish-gray to green to purplish blue, and are covered in long, venomous spines. Although they can be as huge as 80 cm, they typically have a diameter of 25 to 35 cm.
COTS are an essential component of the ecosystem in normal proportions on healthy coral reefs. They frequently consume the rapidly corals, allowing the slower-growing types to catch up and increasing the variety of coral reefs on our reefs.
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The division of the autonomic nervous system that is short‐lived and very localized is.
The division of the autonomic nervous system that is short‐lived and very localized is parasympathetic division.
What is nervous system?The nervous system comprises the brain, spinal cord, and a network of nerves. This system passes messages back and forth between the brain and the body. The brain controls all bodily functions. The spinal cord passes from the brain through the back. In biology, the classical theory of the nervous system states that the nervous system is a highly complex part of an animal that coordinates its behavior and sensory information by transmitting signals to and from various parts of the body increase. The nervous system uses specialized cells called neurons to send signals or messages throughout the body. These electrical signals travel between the brain, skin, organs, glands, and muscles. The messages help you move your limbs and feel pain and other sensations.To learn more about nervous system from the given link :
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In need the answer quickly
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How are the ways in which energy consumption varies in autotrophs and heterotrophs? Which do you believe to be more evolutionary advantageous? Explain.
Answer in paragraph form using 5-7 complete sentences.
An autotroph can be defined as an organism that synthesize their organic molecules from simple inorganic substances. A heterotroph is a consumer which depends upon both organic components and different animals.
Ways in which energy consumption varies in autographs and heterotrophs are?
Autotrophs depend upon sunlight to prepare their "food" through photosynthesis . Heterotrophs eat or absorb food. Autotrophs obtain carbon from inorganic sources like carbon dioxide (CO2) while heterotrophs uses reduced carbon from the remains.Organic matter which are generated by autotrophs directly or indirectly helps in survival of heterocyclic components.
Autotrophs include plants, algae, and some bacteria. Heterotrophs receive energy from organic components along with dead and decaying matter.
Although both exist symbiotically, autotrophs provide more survival advantages over heterotrophs. As it can sustain and maintain energy without consuming other which leads to diversion of energy.
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which diagnostic test differentiates between aspiration of gastric contents from reflux and aspirations of gastreo contents from poor
The diagnosis of GERD is typically made by a combination of clinical symptoms, response to acid suppression, as well as objective testing with upper endoscopy and esophageal pH monitoring.
Which diagnostic procedure is used to evaluate the degree of acid reflux?Impedance–pH Testing.
During an impedance–pH test, your gastroenterologist measures the pH, or acidity, levels in your esophagus during a 24-hour period. The doctor also uses impedance technology to measure how much liquid and air are going up and down your esophagus during this time.
How is gastric reflux diagnosed?The diagnosis of GERD is typically made by a combination of clinical symptoms, response to acid suppression, as well as objective testing with upper endoscopy and esophageal pH monitoring.
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When rna is being made, the rna base _________ always pairs with the base __________ in dna.
Molecules called nucleic acids regulate every genetic variation and storage within a cell. The molecule that contains a cell's permanent genetic code is called DNA, whereas RNA appears in a variety of forms and regulates certain cellular processes like translation.
What is RNA?All living cells contain ribonucleic acid (abbreviated RNA), a nucleic acid with properties comparable to those of DNA. However, RNA is often single-stranded, unlike DNA.
Instead of the deoxyribose present in DNA, the backbone of an RNA molecule is made up of alternating phosphate groups and the sugar ribose. Each sugar has one of the four bases adenine (A), uracil (U), cytosine (C), or guanine attached to it (G).
Cells contain a variety of RNA types, including transfer RNA, messenger RNA, and ribosomal RNA. Additionally, certain RNAs control the expression of genes. RNA serves as the genomic material for some viruses.
Therefore, Molecules called nucleic acids regulate every genetic variation and storage within a cell. The molecule that contains a cell's permanent genetic code is called DNA, whereas RNA appears in a variety of forms and regulates certain cellular processes like translation.
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a water-treatment method in which water is filtered through a screen to eliminate chemical contaminants and microorganisms is known as
Micron filtration is a type of water-treatment process that uses a screen to remove microorganisms and chemical pollutants from water.
How does micron filtration work?A micron filter is what? Water is cleaned by micron filters to remove dirt, debris, and even microscopic particles. Microns are the unit of measurement for a filter cartridge's pore size. The particulate eliminated is finer the lower the micron rating.
What does chemical treatment entail when treating water?Physical-chemical methods are designed to remove a variety of contaminants from water, starting with organic and inorganic compounds and ending with biological pollution. Chemical water treatment can be used to successfully remove both toxic organic and inorganic compounds.
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Sensing the position and movement of individual body parts is an example of which sense?.
Kinesthetic sense aids in sensing the position and movement of individual body parts.
What is Kinesthetic sense?
The kinesthetic senses are the senses of position and movement of the body, senses we are aware of only on introspection. A method used to study kinesthesia is muscle vibration, which engages afferents of muscle spindles to trigger illusions of movement and changed position.
Kinesthesia is the awareness of the position and movement of the parts of the body using sensory organs, which are known as proprioceptors, located in joints and muscles.
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Help please!!
Identify the words as either part of anatomy or physiology.
heart –
stomach –
breathing –
homeostasis –
bone –
digestion –
metabolism –
blood –
muscle –
Answer:
heart- anatomy
stomach-anatomy
breathing-physiology
homeostasis- phsysiology
bone-anatomy
digestion-physiology
metabolism-physiology
blood- not sure
muscle-anatomy
Explanation:
the reason for this is because all the things i marked as anatomy are apart of your anatomy or the make-up of your body and the others are not rather they are more physical. hope this helps
highlight a period on the periodic table below in red and a group on the periodic table blue
The highlighted part of the table generally shows the refractory period and this is represented by the table given here.
What is refractory period?The refractory period has been elaborated as the time when the cell has repolarizing. During the refractory period cells are unable to repeat the particular action and takes time to prepare the membrane for next stimulation. An action potential can't be transmitted until there is a potential across the membrane again.
Electrical Muscle Stimulation has been caused by the electrical impulses from brain that allows muscles to contract. A neurotransmitter junction between cells and neuron has been presnet which cause action potential for muscle conraction.
Therefore, The highlighted part of the table generally shows the refractory period and this is represented by the table given here.
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If a spindle fiber fails to attach to one sister chromatid during m phase and the cell continue through mitosis, what will be true about the genetic information in the daughter cells and why will this be true?.
Because sister chromatids do not separate during anaphase, the genetic information will not be the same. Thus, this will true about the genetic information in the daughter cells.
Mitosis, the process of cell division, creates genetically identical cells with a constant number of chromosomes. As a result, equational division is another name for mitosis. In general, the S phase of interphase, which is when DNA replication takes place, comes before mitosis. Telophase and cytokinesis, which divides a cell's cytoplasm, organelles, and cell membrane into two new cells with roughly equal amounts of these cellular components, frequently follow.
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which of the following statements is true? a. the microvilli absorb nutrients into the lymphatic system. b. the microvilli trap nutrients so the villi cells can absorb them. c. the villi block toxins from being absorbed into the blood. d. the villi complete the breakdown of foods into nutrients. e. the microvilli facilitate the digestion of a large percentage of deficient nutrients.
The correct answer is (b) the microvilli trap the nutrients so the villi cells can absorb them. The microvilli increase the surface are a thereby it facilitates the absorption of the nutrients.
In the simplest terms, microvilli are minuscule microscopic projections that are found in, on, and around cells.They may exist independently or with villi (projections of some mucous membranes, most specifically of the small intestine, which are tiny folds that project out like numerous fingers).Microvilli are even more minute folds that protrude like fingers from each villi.The surface of egg cells, the small intestine, and white blood cells are where microvilli are most frequently seen.On the apical surface of some epithelial cells, such those in the small intestine, thousands of microvilli come together to form a structure known as the brush boundary.Microvilli are a kind of surface protuberances that are rather polymorphic and are regularly packed in some tissues while being loosely positioned in others.To know more about microvilli check the below link:
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which of the following are properties of steroid hormones? steroid hormones are water-soluble and travel freely in the bloodstream. steroid hormones usually exert their effects on target cells through membrane receptor proteins steroid hormones only act locally, on cells close to where the steroid hormone was secreted steroid hormones regulate gene transcription by binding to intracellular receptor proteins
The options (a) steroid hormones are water-soluble and travel freely in the bloodstream and (d)steroid hormones regulate gene transcription by binding to intracellular receptor proteins are the properties of steroid hormone.
The hormones produced by the gonads, for instance, are steroid hormones (i.e. estrogen, progesterone and testosterone)Steroid hormones first cross the target cell's cell membrane before causing changes inside the cell. The phospholipid bilayer that makes up cell membranes stops molecules that are not soluble in fat from diffusing into the cell.Because steroid hormones are lipophilic (love fat), they can freely diffuse across a cell's plasma membrane.To create an active receptor-hormone complex, they attach to receptors in the target cell's cytoplasm or nucleus.As it moves into the nucleus and binds directly to DNA, this activated complex functions as a transcription factor for gene expression.To know more about Steroid check the below link:
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The transpiration pull is due to the ________ that causes water to move up through the xylem that begins at the surface of mesophyll cells.
The transpiration pull is due to the negative pressure potential that causes water to move up through the xylem that begins at the surface of mesophyll cells.
The process of transpiration occurs when water moves through a plant and evaporates through its exposed surfaces, such as the stem, leaves, or flowers. The primary element in the leaves and stem that contributes to transpiration is the stomata.High solute content in any cell causes the development of negative pressure potential. Any plant’s top contains a lot of solutes, but the bottom, or root, contains the ideal amount of water. This is what causes the water to rise higher due to the high solute concentration and potential for negative pressure.Through the stomatal holes of the leaves, transpiration mostly takes place. The amount of water that eventually escapes from these openings would rise as their diameter or size increased, increasing the transpiration rate.A higher air humidity level indicates that there are more water vapours present in the environment. As osmotic pressure has a significant impact on transpiration, this slows down the process.
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If the rna transcript 5′‑augaucggaucgauccau‑3′ is translated codon by codon from one end to the other, which of the polypeptides would correspond to this part of the mrna?.
If the RNA transcript 5′‑augaucggaucgauccau‑3′ is translated codon by codon from one end to the other, 5′-UACUAGCCUAGCUAGGUA-3′ of the polypeptides would correspond to this part of the mRNA.
Short sequences of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds are known as peptides (from the Ancient Greek "to digest"). Proteins are long chains of amino acids. Oligopeptides, which comprise dipeptides, tripeptides, and tetrapeptides, are chains of fewer than twenty amino acids.
A polypeptide is a peptide chain that is longer, continuous, and unbranched.
Therefore, along with nucleic acids, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, and others, peptides belong to the large chemical families of biological polymers and oligomers.
A protein is a polypeptide that has more than 50 amino acids, on average. A protein is made up of one or more polypeptides that are arranged in a biologically useful manner. Proteins are frequently bound to other proteins, other macromolecules like DNA or RNA, or complex macromolecular assemblies.
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3 Make a fist and tighten your fingers Where are the muscles that let you tighten your fingers?
Answer:The muscles that move the finger joints are in the palm and forearm. The long tendons that deliver motion from the forearm muscles may be observed to move under the skin at the wrist and on the back of the hand.
Explanation:
What changes can be incorporated into your lifestyle towards an effort of a
sustainable use of natural resources provided by Earth's lithosphere?
O All of these are sustainable efforts
O
O
minimize waste
conserve water and energy
recycling
Sustainable use of natural resources provided by Earth's lithosphere All of these are sustainable efforts. Option A.
Sustainable use of natural resources is the proper management of natural resources for the benefit of human society as a whole. The main goal of sustainable development is to provide resources for the present generation without compromising the needs of future generations.
Sustainable practices include planting new seedlings in deforested areas to reduce the number of trees cut each year. Reducing the overexploitation of forests, precious metals, and other natural resources is critical, especially given population growth. Sustainable management of natural resources is important because it helps us use resources wisely without consuming them unnecessarily and at the expense of the needs of future generations.
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you have discovered a new gene in corn. the wild type allele of this gene (s) is dominant and makes corn kernels have a smooth surface, whereas the recessive allele (s) makes the corn kernel appear to be wrinkled. you breed a corn strain that has genotype sss (recall that the endosperm of corn kernels is triploid). if the ds transposon is present in one of the s alleles in the cells of the kernel, what will be the phenotype of the corn kernel? assume the transposon can continue to move during kernel growth.
The phenotype of the corn kernel is all wrinkled.
The phenotypes usually used involve the shadeation or form of the kernel. Carolina continues parental shares of yellow and pink corn colors. Purple corn is the end result of a dominant allele, and yellow corn is the end result of the recessive allele of the identical gene.
An ear of corn holds the effects of loads of separate genetic crosses. The ear of corn, below, illustrates the final results of a monohybrid move of determine flora that have been heterozygous for kernel shadeation. P (pink) is the dominant allele, and p (yellow) is the recessive allele.
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The physiological reaction we feel when we experience fear is due to the activity of the ____ nervous system.
The physiological reaction we feel when we experience fear is due to the activity of the sympathetic nervous system.
What is Sympathetic nervous system?This is referred to as the part of the autonomic nervous system which is responsible for producing localized adjustments so as to respond to stressful situations. This is used to activate the “fight-or-flight” response such as increased heart rate, sweating etc.
This is also activated when we experience fear such as being encountered by fire or other dangerous situations and makes us deal or cope with the condition according to the available resources and conditions.
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In some species of trees, short leaves are dominant to long leaves. analyze the punnett square. what is the probability of an offspring having short leaves? punnett square showing the cross with the parent generation (ss) and (ss) and the offspring displayed as ss, ss, ss, and ss. 25% 0% 75% 50%
Answer: It's 50%.
Explanation: I took the quiz and got it right.
ebh 316 when an animal gets blinded during early development it will develop abnormally small retinal targets and visual cortices. this is an example of:
Mammals are creatures with a duplex retina, which has cones for color vision & rods for low-light vision. the chain of epigenetic events.
Is retinal a more advantageous kind of retinol?Retinal functions more to 11 times faster fast than retinol, according to clinical trials. Furthermore, retinal has a much higher exfoliation rate that retinol, resulting in skin that is radiant and even in tone.
Retinal is made up only of vitamin A?Retinal is the most dangerous vitamin A derivative due to its high chemical reactivity. Retinal can be dangerous due to its chemical cytotoxicity in arbitrarily changing proteins via Schiff base production, also when vitamins A is just needed for light perception [119].
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Depressants _____________ the functioning of the central nervous system. Some examples of these drugs include alcohol, __________, and ____________.
The central nervous system's functionality is reduced by depressants. These substances include alcohol, barbiturates, and benzodiazepines, to name a few.
Which three central nerve systems are there?The brain, spinal cord, and neurons, or nerve cells, make up the CNS's three primary parts. The three parts of the CNS operate together to process information and direct how the body reacts, and each portion of the CNS is crucial to how the body works.
What two types of central nervous systems are there?There are two primary sections of the nervous system: The brain and spinal cord make up the central nervous system. The nerves that emerge from the spinal cord and cover the entire body make up the peripheral nervous system.
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predator-prey coevolution is similar to plant-pollinator coevolution in terms of the dynamics between organisms. group of answer choices true false
Predator-prey coevolution is similar to plant-pollinator coevolution in terms of dynamics between organisms : false.
How is predator-prey coevolution different from plant-pollinator coevolution?Predator-prey interaction is the most important way in which species interact in ecological communities. It is termed as predation, whenever an organism consumes another living organism.
In a predator-prey interaction, the emergence of faster prey may select against individuals in the predatory species who are not able to keep pace.
Angiosperms produces flowers with nectar and pollen to attract flower-visitors and in turn, the flower-visitors transport pollen and effect pollination, producing seeds. These plant-pollinator interactions is the products of coevolution between plants and insects.
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Which technology has been commonly utilized by scientists to manipulate heritable information by creating dna fragments with ends that can join with other dna fragments?.
Gel electrophoresis is a technology that has been widely used by scientists to manipulate heritable information by producing DNA fragments with ends that can join with other DNA fragments.
What is gel electrophoresis?Gel electrophoresis is a widely used molecular biology technique for separating biomolecules such as DNA and proteins. The DNA fragments are segregated based on their molecular size. An electrical field pushes the molecules to be separated through a gel with microscopic holes in gel electrophoresis.
The following are several basic processes to perform gel electrophoresis:
Pouring the gel.Getting the DNA samples ready.Loading the gel (adding the DNA samples to the gel).Running the gel (exposing the gel to an electric field).Staining the DNA in the gel.Learn More
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Answer:
d. Restrictive enzyme analysis
Explanation:
I was having so much trouble but I finally found the answer.
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An unknown sample of metal had a mass of 240. 0 grams. It displaced 30. 0 mL of water when placed into a graduated cylinder. What is the density of the metal?
The density of the metal will be 8 g/ml when an unknown sample of metal had a mass of 240 gm and is displaced 30 ml of water when placed into graduated cylinder.
What is density and how the density of the metal comes out to be 8 g/ml of unknown sample?Density is the quantity representing the mass of the product per unit volume of the container containing liquid.The units of density varies depending upon the units of mass and volume of the liquid contained.Here by using the simple density = mass/ volume formula we can calculate the density.Given, mass = 240 gm , volume = 30 ml , density = 240/ 30 = 8 g/ ml is the density.Hence the density of the metal is 8 gm/ml of an unknown sample of the metal of mass 240 gm and displaced 30 ml of water into graduated cylinder.To know more about density visit:
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theory of mind and autobiographical memory appear to depend on slightly different areas of the ____________ frontal cortex.
The theory of mind and autobiographical memory appear to depend on slightly different areas of the medial frontal cortex.
What is the medial frontal cortex?The medial frontal cortex is a given area of the cerebral context which is contained in the frontal cortex and it is involved in several functions associated with non-social behavior.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the medial frontal cortex is involved in the non-social behaviors of an individual.
Complete question:
Fill in the blank. The theory of mind and autobiographical memory appear to depend on slightly different areas of the ___ frontal cortex.
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