Answer:
Due to the fact that halogens have an outer shell made up of seven valence electrons, they frequently obtain an additional electron and a negative charge.
Within a water molecule, the electrons spend most of their time attracted more closely to?
Within a water molecule, the electrons spend most of their time attracted more closely to Oxygen atom.
What are electrons ?An electron is a negatively charged subatomic particle that can exist either free or bonded to an atom (not bound). An atom has three primary types of particles: protons, neutrons, and the electron, which is bound to it. Together, protons, neutrons, and electrons make up the atom's nucleus.
In nature, electrons can be found both bound inside of atoms and unbound (free electrons). The part of an atom that is negatively charged is caused by electrons. Electrons revolve around the atomic nucleus, which is positively charged, in an atom. In solids, electrons serve as the main conductor of current.
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If 10m3of nitrogen at 30oc and 125 kpa are expanded isothermally to 25m3, what is theresulting pressure?
The resulting pressure of nitrogen is 50 kPa.
Use Boyle's Law (the pressure volume law).
According to this law - volume of a given amount of gas held varies inversely with the applied pressure when the temperature and mass are constant.
p₁V₁ = p₂V₂
V₁ = 10 m³; initial volume of nitrogen gas
p₁ = 125 kPa; initial pressure of nitrogen gas
V₂ = 25 m³; final volume of nitrogen gas
p₂ = ?; final pressure of nitrogen gas
125 kPa × 10 m³ = p₂ × 25 m³
p₂ = (125 kPa × 10 m³) ÷ 25 m³
p₂ = 50 kPa
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In+a+first+order+decomposition,+19.24%+of+a+compound+decomposes+in+81.9+minutes.+what+is+the+value+of+k+for+the+reaction+in+min-1? (value ± 2%)?
The value of k for the reaction in min is 66.5 min will take 82.3% of the compound to decompose.
What is first order reaction?A first-order reaction is a chemical process in which the rate of the reaction is linearly correlated with the concentration of just one ingredient. In other words, a first-order reaction is a chemical reaction in which only one of the reactants experiences variations in concentration, and this causes the rate of the reaction to vary.
The concentration of one of the reactants determines the first-order reaction rate. The product of the concentrations of two reactants or the square of the concentration of a reactant determines the second-order reaction rate.
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The apparatus in Image A above is used to separate a mixture of ethyl alcohol and water. The mixture is heated in the flask on the left and the ethyl alcohol drips into the flask on the right after condensing in the cooling tube in the middle. Which method was used to separate the mixture?
a. chromatography
b .filtration
c .sorting
d distillation
The method used to separate a mixture of ethyl alcohol and water is distillation. Thus option (d) is true.
What is distillation?Distillation is defined as a process involving the conversion of liquid into vapor that is subsequently condensed back into liquid form.
It is a widely used method for separating the mixture based on difference in conditions required to change the phase of components.
Some of the types of distillation are:
Simple distillation Steam distillation Fractional distillation Vacuum distillationZone distillation etc. and many more are the type of distillation.Thus, the method used to separate a mixture of ethyl alcohol and water is distillation. Thus option (d) is true.
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Your question is incomplete, but most probably your complete question was
The apparatus in Image A above is used to separate a mixture of ethyl alcohol and water. The mixture is heated in the flask on the left and the ethyl alcohol drips into the flask on the right after condensing in the cooling tube in the middle. Which method was used to separate the mixture?
a. chromatography
b .filtration
c .sorting
d distillation
How many grams of phosphorus are present in 3.51 moles of phosphorus trichloride?
108.81 grams of phosphorus are present in 3.51 moles of phosphorus trichloride PCl3. The molecular formula of Phosphorus trichloride is PCl3.
How many moles of phosphorus trichloride in 1 gram The answer is 0.0072815837438818. Suppose you are converting between moles and grams of phosphorus trichloride. You can view details for each unit of measure. Molecular weight or grams of phosphorus trichloride The molecular formula of phosphorus trichloride is PCl3.
The SI base unit of substance quantity is the mole.
1 mole equals 1 mole of phosphorus trichloride or 137.332761 grams.
1 mol PCl₃=6.022×10²³molecules
3.51mol PCl₃ =3.51×6.022×10²³
=2.11x10²⁴
Number of atoms present in 1 molecule of PCl₃ =4
108.81 grams of phosphorus are present in 3.51 moles of phosphorus trichloride PCl3. The molecular formula of Phosphorus trichloride is PCl3.
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how many atoms are in 7.2mol of sodium? step by step answer
Answer:
4.34 times 10^24
Explanation:
number of atoms=7.2 times Avogadro's number
=7.2 times 6.02 times 10^23
=4.34 times 10^24
Answer:
Explanation: we will multiple the amount of moles to the Avogadro's number for example:
7.2*6*10 to the power 23
Given the following rate law by what factor does the rate of reaction change if the concentration of y is doubled. rate k[x]2[y]3
If the concentration of y is doubled then rate of reaction will increase by a factor of 4.
What is rate of reaction?The speed at which a chemical reaction moves forward is known as the reaction rate in chemistry. It is frequently described in terms of either the concentration of a reactant that is consumed in a unit of time or the concentration of a product that is generated in a unit of time (amount per unit volume).
The four key variables that determine reaction rate are reactant concentration, the physical state of the reactants, surface area, temperature, and the presence of a catalyst.
For instance, because it happens quickly, wood burning has a high reaction rate, whereas iron rusting has a low reaction rate because it happens gradually.
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Which of the following has the highest gravitational potential energy?
A truck at the top of a hill has the highest gravitational potential energy. So, the correct option is (a).
The energy that an item has or acquires when its location changes as a result of being in a gravitational field is known as gravitational potential energy. Gravitational potential energy can be defined as an energy that has a connection to gravitational force or gravity.
According to classical mechanics, the work per unit mass required to move an object from a set reference site to a given location is equal to the gravitational potential at that location. With mass assuming the function of charge, it is comparable to the electric potential.
Therefore, a truck at the top of a hill has the highest gravitational potential energy.
The complete question is: Which of the following has the highest gravitational potential energy?
a) a truck at the top of a hill
b) a bike speeding down a hill
c) a dog at the top of a hill
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What is the frequency of the light emmitted by the atomic hydrogen according to balmers?
The frequency released in transition energy is 4.57 x 10¹⁴ Hz.
We need to know about transition energy to solve this problem. Electrons in a hydrogen atom can move to another level of energy. It is also called a transition. In this process, electrons will absorb or release their energy to move. The transition energy can be determined as
ΔE = E2 - E1
where ΔE is transition energy, E2 is the final state of energy and E1 is the initial state of energy.
The state energy of a hydrogen atom can be calculated by
E = -(13.6) / n² eV
E = h.f
where n is the number of energy states, h is Planck constant (4.136 x 10¯¹⁵ eV/Hz), f is frequency.
From the question above, we know that
n1 = 3
n2 = 2
By substituting the following parameter, we get
ΔE = E2 - E1
ΔE = -(13.6) / n2² - (-(13.6) / n1²)
ΔE = -(13.6) / 3² - (-(13.6) / 2²)
ΔE = 3.4 - 1.51
ΔE = 1.89 eV
Calculate the frequency released
ΔE = 1.89 eV
h.f = 1.89
4.136 x 10¯¹⁵ . f = 1.89
f = 4.57 x 10¹⁴ Hz
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What are the minimum numbers of terminals required on an integrated-circuit package containing three op-amps? group of answer choices
The minimum no of pins required by dual-op-amp is 8. Each op-amp has 2 input terminals(4 pins) and one output terminal(2 pins). Another 2 pins are required for power.
What is dual-op-amp?An operational amplifier is a high-gain, DC-coupled electronic voltage amplifier with differential input and typically single-ended output. An op amp in this setup generates an output potential (relative to circuit ground) that is typically 100,000 times greater than the potential difference between its input terminals. Operational amplifiers were first employed in analog computers to carry out mathematical operations in linear, non-linear, and frequency-dependent circuits.
The op amp's popularity as a component in analog circuits stems from its adaptability. By adopting negative feedback, the properties of an op-amp circuit, such as its gain, input and output impedance, bandwidth, etc., are defined by external components and have no influence on temperature coefficients or technical tolerance in the op amp itself.
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Upon heating a sample of nicl2•6h2o, a sample originally weighing 3. 5 g yields an anhydrous salt residue weighing 2. 1g. How many moles of water were in the sample?.
7.8×10⁻² moles of water were in the sample of the salt
m(NiCl₂·6H₂O) = 3.5 g; mass of a hydrous salt
m(NiCl₂) = 2.1 g; mass of an anhydrous salt
m(H₂O) = m(NiCl₂·6H₂O) - m(NiCl₂)
m(H₂O) = 3.5 g - 2.1 g
m(H₂O) = 1.4 g; mass of water
M(H₂O) = 18 g/mol; the molar mass of water
n(H₂O) = m(H₂O) ÷ M(H₂O)
n(H₂O) = 1.4 g ÷ 18 g/mol
n(H₂O) = 0.078 mol; amount of water in the sample
The mole is an SI unit which measures the number of particles in substance. One mole is equal to 6.022·10²³ atoms.
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order the following types of light from MOST to LEAST energetic: 10^6 Hz, 10^6 m, 10^-6 m , 10^22 Hz, 10^10 m.
The most energetic lights are those with higher frequency and lower wavelengths.
Among frequency (energy order) = 10^22 Hz >10^6 Hz Among wavelength (energy order) = 10^-6 m > 10^6 m > 10^10 mElectromagnetic radiation consists of waves of the electromagnetic area, which propagate via space and bring electromagnetic radiant power. It consists of radio waves, microwaves, infrared, light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays. All of these waves shape a part of the electromagnetic spectrum.
Electromagnetic strength is radiant energy that travels in waves at the rate of light. it can additionally be described as radiant electricity, electromagnetic radiation, electromagnetic waves, light, or the motion of radiation. Electromagnetic radiation can switch heat.
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A liquid with a density of 0.890 g/ml has a volume of 18.2 ml. its mass in grams is:______.
a. 20.4
b. 16.2
c. 6.31
d. 0.0489
e. 0.0621
A liquid with a density of 0.890 g/ml has a volume of 18.2 ml. its mass in grams is:0.0489.
What is meant by density?The mass of a substance per unit of volume is the definition of density. Although the sign can also represent the Latin letter D, it is most frequently used to represent density. Density is defined as the quantity of things—which may include people, animals, plants, or objects—in a given space, according to the formula mass divided by volume.Divide the number of objects by the area's dimensions to determine density. The population density of a country can be calculated by dividing its overall population by its area, expressed in square kilometers or miles.Gram Formula Mass = mass of the solute/formula mass of the solute. It is always expressed in the unit grams/mole (g/mol).
mass in grams= 0.890 g/ml/18.2 ml
=0.0489
Hence, Option d exists correct.
A liquid with a density of 0.890 g/ml has a volume of 18.2 ml. its mass in grams is:0.0489.
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can anyone show the working steps?
Volume of potassium hydroxide that can neutralise 25 cm³ of H2Z acid solution is 5cm³
Diprotic acid is that acid which contains two hydrogen atoms and can release or ionise in water, such as carbonic acid and sulphuric acid.A neutralisation reaction is a chemical process in which an acid and a base combine to produce salt and water as the end products.The neutralization reaction is
H2Z + 2KOH → K2 H2Z + 2H2O
H2Z acid is diprotic acid as it has two ionizable hydrogens.
Thus, 1 mole of Z acid will neutralize 2 moles of KOH.
The number of moles of phosphorus acid present in 0.025 dm³ of 0.5 M aqueous solution is 0.1×
= 0.0025
They will neutralize 2×0.0025mol = 0.005 moles of KOH.
The molarity of KOH solution is 1.0 mol dm³
The volume of KOH solution required will be
1.0 × 0.005 = 0.005 dm³ = 5cm³
Hence, volume of KOH solution required will be 5 cm³.
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Please help this has to be done soon
How many sp3-hybridized carbon atoms are present in the structure of cyclopentadiene?
One sp3-hybridized carbon atom is present in the structure of cyclopentadiene.
Cyclopentadiene is an organic compound (diene) with the formula C₅H₆ (see the picture below).
In cyclopentadiene there is four carbon atoms with sp2 hybridized carbon and one carbon atom with sp3-hybridized carbon.
When carbon atom is sp2 hybridized, it has three sp2 orbitals and one p orbital. Carbon has four bonds in total (two single and one double bond)
In sp3 hybridization hybridize one s-orbital and three p-orbitals of carbon atom. Carbon atom with sp3 hybridization has four single bonds. In the picture below, that is an an atom on the top.
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Which solution has the higher boiling point: 26.4 g c2h6o2 in 0.500 kg of h2o or 22.0 g nacl in 0.500 kg of h2o?
The NaCl solution will have higher boiling point.
The temperature at which the vapour pressure equals the typical air pressure at sea level is known as the normal boiling point.
A molecular compound is [tex]C_{2} H_{6} O_{2}[/tex]. Meaning that it will continue to be in this state after dissolving:
[tex]C_{2} H_{6} O_{2}[/tex] ⇒ [tex]C_{6} H_{12} O_{6}[/tex] (aq)
Ionic materials include sodium chloride (NaCl). In other words, it will produce ions when it dissolves:
NaCl(s) ⇒ [tex]Na^{+}[/tex](aq) + [tex]Cl^{-}[/tex] (aq)
[tex]C_{2} H_{6} O_{2}[/tex] is a molecule and NaCl is an ionic substance. The boiling points of ionic compounds are higher than those of molecular molecules. NaCl will therefore have a higher boiling point.
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How many atoms of carbon (C) are present in the reactants of the following chemical equation?
C7H16+O2
CO2 + H₂O
(1 point)
O 7 atoms
16 atoms
O1 atom
O 23 atoms
The number of atoms present in reactants of the following chemical equation C₇H₁₆ + O₂ = CO₂ + H₂O is 7 atoms.
How to count number of atoms?The number of atoms in a compound is shown in the chemical formula of the compound.
A chemical formula is a notation indicating the number of atoms of each element present in a compound.
According to this question, the chemical reaction between heptane and oxygen is given as follows:
C₇H₁₆ + O₂ = CO₂ + H₂O
The chemical formula of hexane shows that carbon has 7 atoms in the reactant side.
Therefore, the number of atoms present in reactants of the following chemical equation C₇H₁₆ + O₂ = CO₂ + H₂O is 7 atoms.
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does anyone know what emerging technology means?
I also want an explanation on what it means
Given the balanced equation:
2 Al + 6 NaOH --------> 2 Na3AlO3 + 3 H2
What mass, in grams, of Na3AlO3 is produced when 6 x 10^23 molecules of NaOH is consumed?
explain
a) 240 b) 80 c) 64 d) 9.6 e) 48
47.78 grams of Na₃ AlO₃ is produced when 6 × 10²³ molecules of NaOH are consumed.
An equation for a chemical reaction is said to be balanced if both the reactants and the products have the same number of atoms and the total charge for each component of the reaction.
The balanced equation:
2 Al + 6 NaOH --------> 2 Na₃ AlO₃ + 3 H₂
We have 6 × 10²³ molecules of NaOH.
So, the mass of Na₃ AlO₃ will be:
= 6 × 10²³ molecules NaOH × ( 1 mol NaOH / 6.023 × 10²³ molecules NaOH ) × ( 2 mol Na₃ AlO₃ / 6 mol NaOH) × ( 143.9 g Na₃AlO₃ / 1 mol Na₃ AlO₃ )
= 47.78 g Na₃ AlO₃
The mass of Na₃ AlO₃ produced when 6 × 10²³ molecules of NaOH are consumed is 47.78 grams.
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56.983 +1.8234 + 125 +2.12 =
Solve in significant figures
write the following measurement in scientific notation. The convert each measurement into SI base units. a. 0.0000000000372 b.45,000,000,000
Answer: a) 3.72 x [tex]10^{-11}[/tex]
b) 4.5 x [tex]10^{10}[/tex]
Explanation:
a. 0.0000000000372
= 3.72 x [tex]10^{-11}[/tex]
b. 45,000,000,000
= 4.5 x [tex]10^{10}[/tex]
A fictitious element x has an average atomic mass of 122. 224 u. Element x has two naturally occuring isotopes. The most abundant isotope has an isotopic mass of 121. 560 u and a relative abundance of 63. 89%. Calculate the isotopic mass of the least abundant isotope
Element x is unbibium has an average atomic mass of 122. 224 u and isotopic mass of the least abundant isotope is 237.03
Isotopes are members of a family of an element that all have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons and the number of protons in a nucleus determines the element's atomic number on the periodic table called isotopes
Unbibium, also known as element 122 or eka-thorium, is the hypothetical chemical element in the periodic table with the placeholder symbol of Ubb and atomic number 122 and unbibium has two isotopes ³⁷⁴Ubb and ³⁷¹Ubb and this abundant isotope has an isotopic mass of 121. 560 u and a relative abundance of 63. 89% and the isotopic mass of the least abundant isotope is 237.03
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What percentage of a radioactive sample remains after four half-lives have passed?
percentage of a radioactive sample that remains after four half-lives have passed is 6.25 %
As radioactive substances are first-order reactions and first-order reactions have a constant half-life and are represented by t1/2. t1/2 = 0.693 / λ
half-life is the time period for the sample to become half of its original concentration.
so for 1 st half-life, the substance will become 100 / 2 =50%
for 2 nd half-life, the substance will become 50 / 2 = 25%
for 3 rd half-life, the substance will become 25 / 2 = 12.5%
for 4 th half-life, the substance will become 12.5 / 2 = 6.25%
percentage of a radioactive sample that remains after four half-lives have passed is 6.25 %
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A sample of a compound containing boron (b) and hydrogen (h) contains 7.078 g of b and 1.980 g of h. the molar mass of the compound is about 30 g. what is its molecular formula?
[tex]B_{1*2} H_{1*2} = B_{2} H_{2}[/tex] is required its molecular formula.
Boron can form how many bonds?As a result, boron frequently forms three bonds, BH 3 start text, end text, start subscript, 3, end subscript, with a total of six electrons in the outermost shell. This causes some unusual properties in boron compounds because they are "short of electrons."
First calculate the empirical formula and mass. Compare the molecular mass to the empirical mass to determine the molecular formula.
Empirical Formula
Calculate the moles of boron and hydrogen. (Molar masses: B = 7.078 g/mol; H = 1.980 g/mol)B: 6.444 g × 1 mol/ 7.078 g = 0.9104 mol
H: 1.803 g × 1 mol/1.980mol = 0.9106 mol
Calculate the mole ratios by dividing the moles of each element by the least number of moles.
B: 0.9104 mol/0.5961 mol = 1.5273
H: 0.9106 mol/0.5961 mol = 1.5276
The empirical formula is BH.
Calculate the empirical formula mass.
10.81 + (1 × 1.008) = 11.818
Molecular formula
30/11.818 = 2.5385 ≈ 2
Multiply the subscripts in the empirical formula by 2.
B₁ₓ₂[tex]H_{1}[/tex]ₓ₂ = B₂[tex]H_{2}[/tex]
This compound is diborane and its molar mass is 27.67 g/mol. If you go back and divide the molecular mass by the empirical mass, the result is 2.000. So B₂[tex]H_{2}[/tex]is the correct molecular formula. (27.67/ 11.818= 2.34).
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What is the molarity of nacl when 3.46g of nacl is dissolved in water to form 50.0ml of solution?
A chemical species' concentration in a solution, specifically the amount of a solute per unit volume of solution, is measured by its molar concentration.
What is meant by molarity?The amount of a solute per unit volume of a solution, or the concentration of a chemical species in a solution, is expressed as a solute's molar concentration. The most used unit for expressing molarity in chemistry is the number of moles per litre, represented by the unit sign mol/L or mol/dm3 in SI units.
The molarity of a substance refers to how much of it is present in a given volume of solution (M). Molarity is the measure of how many moles of a solute are present per litre of a solution. Molarity is also referred to as a solution's molar concentration. Molarity is the measure of a solute's concentration in moles per litre in a solution (). Molality is the ratio of moles of solute to kilograms of solvent ().
with units of [tex]$\mathrm{mol} \cdot \mathrm{L}^{-1}$[/tex]..
For molarity we take the quotient moles of solute/ volume of solution
And so.... [tex]$\frac{\frac{3.46 \cdot g}{58.44 \cdot \mathrm{g} \cdot \mathrm{mol}^{-1}}}{50.0 \cdot m L \times 10^{-3} \cdot L \cdot m L^{-1}}= \cdot \mathrm{mol} \cdot L^{-1} \ldots$[/tex]
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You have a solid object of unknown composition and mass. You determined that when this object absorbed 1.000 x 10^2 j, its temperature increased by 2.0k. Calculate the object's heat capacity.
Given,
Solid object with an unknown mass
Heat absorbed = 1 x 10² J
Temperature change = 2 K
Before calculating the object's heat capacity let us know what is heat capacity-
Heat capacity is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of an object by a unit.Heat capacity is the ratio of heat absorbed by an object to the temperature change.q= CΔT
∴ C = q/ΔT
Here,
C= Heat capacity
q= Heat absorbed
ΔT =Temperature change
C = 1x10² / 2
C = 100/2
C = 50 J/K
Hence, heat absorbed is 50 joule/ kelvin.
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Heat Capacity is 50 J/K.
Given, a solid item of undetermined mass
Absorbed heat equals 1 x 10² J
Change in temperature = 2 K
Let's first define heat capacity so that we can calculate the heat capacity of the object:
• Heat capacity is the amount of energy needed to raise an object's temperature by a unit.
•A physical characteristic of matter is its capacity for heat or thermal energy.
• The proportion of absorbed heat to temperature change is known as the heat capacity.
q= CΔT
∴ C = q/ΔT
Here,
Heat capacity = C
q = Heat taken in
Change in temperature= T
C = 1x10² / 2
C = 100/2
C = 50 J/K
Hence, Heat Capacity is 50 joule / kelvin.
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A student set up the experiment shown below to determine if radish seeds take in oxygen as they germinate. Methylene blue is a chemical that is blue when oxygen is present but is colorless when oxygen is not present. Containers A and B each contained 200 mL of water and 10 drops of methylene blue. Ten radish seeds were added to container A. Container B had no radish seeds.
Ten radish seeds were added to container A. Container B had no radish seeds. The purpose of the container B in this experiment is to serve as a control container.
What is the purpose of the control in the experiment?By using controls, the experimenter can reduce the impact of factors other than the one being researched. This allows us to verify that an experiment is testing what it says it is testing. Controls are important for all sorts of experimental testing, regardless of the subject, and this goes beyond science.
What are the purpose of Methylene blue's function as a markerMethylene blue is usually employed as a redox indicator in analytical chemistry. The solutions of this chemical are blue when in an oxidizing environment, but turn colorless when exposed to a reducing agent.
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A solution is prepared by dissolving 1.928 g of kno3 into enough water to make 651 ml. what is the molarity of the solution?
a) 0.159 m
b) 0.381 m
c) 0.0293 m
d) 2.48 m
e) 0.0832 m
0.0293 m is the molarity of the solution 1.928 g of kno3 into enough water to make 651 ml.
What is molarity ?Molar concentration, also known as molarity, quantity concentration, or substance concentration, is a unit used to describe the amount of a substance in a solution expressed as an amount of substance per unit volume of solution. The number of moles per liter, denoted by the unit sign mol/L or mol/dm3 in SI units, is the most often used unit denoting molarity in chemistry. One mol/L of a solution is referred to as one molar, or 1 M.
Because most solutions' volumes only slightly vary with temperature due to thermal expansion, the use of molar concentration in thermodynamics is frequently not practical. Most of the time, this issue may be rectified by adding temperature correction factors or by utilizing a temperature-independent metric.
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what happens when negative charge collied with neutral gas molecules in cathode ray tube?
Answer:
This collision makes the electron in the cathode free. These electrons undergo collision with neutral atoms of the gas and ionize them to form ions. The positive ions thus produced move toward the oppositely charged cathode and electrons move towards the anode
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