The black history month is celebrated in February as a week in February was chosen by Woodson in honour of Frederick Douglass, who was born a slave and preferred to celebrate his birthday on February 14, and Abraham Lincoln, whose birthday was on February 12.
This week was selected because it was on the same week when Black communities celebrated the birthdays of Frederick Douglass on February 14 and Abraham Lincoln on February 12.
Black History Month, also known as African-American History Month, is an annual celebration that has its roots in the United States. Governments in the United States and Canada have given it official recognition, and more recently, it has been observed in Ireland and the United Kingdom. It started out as a method to honour significant figures and occasions in the history of the African diaspora. While it is recognised in October in Ireland and the UK, it is celebrated in February in the US and Canada.
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What did disinfecting or delousing centers mean during the holocaust?
Answer:
Explanation:
Disinfecting or delousing centers - denotation. a place to get rid of diseases or lice, wounds, clothing, etc. are cleaned. Disinfecting or delousing centers - meaning in the context of the Holocaust. gas chambers, they hid the fact that these chambers were used to kill people.
hope this helps.
thank you.
Public policy begins with
.
Then, government officials
.
Finally, a government agency
.
Public policy is an institutionalized proposal or a decided set of elements like laws, regulations, guidelines, and actions to solve or address relevant and real-world problems, guided by a conception and often implemented by programs.
What is Public policy?Public policy, which is governed by a notion and frequently carried out by programs, is an institutionalized plan or a decided set of features like laws, rules, guidelines, and activities to solve or address pertinent and real-world problems.
The majority of the time, a government's established policies, laws, and behaviors make up its public policy. Concern over the new structure of government calls attention to how frequently state agencies now carry out these functions rather than the state itself.
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Answer:
1:identifying an issue
2:form a solution
3:implementing solution
Explanation:
i got it right
have a good day <3
mohenjodaro was divided into a lower city and a fortress known as the-citadel.-palace-pyramid.-temple.
Mohenjo-Daro was divided into a Lower City and a Citadel, also known as the Acropolis.
On the western edge of the city, the Citadel was a raised platform protected by a defensive wall made of mud bricks. The Citadel is thought to have served as the city's administrative and religious hub and may have served as the residence of the ruling class.
Mohenjo-Daro has no traces of a palace, pyramid, or temple. But the Citadel contains a number of sizable structures that have been recognized as public structures, including a sizable structure that has been suggested to be a Great Bath. The Great Bath, a rectangular pool with dimensions of roughly 12 meters by 7 meters, is thought to have served ceremonial and religious functions.
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7. Why were the French and British determined to keep the forts in the Ohio Valley?
French
8. What happened when Washington tried to persuade the French to leave the Ohio Valley in 17533
British
9. What happened when Virginians made their way to the forks to build their trading post?
10. Why did the half-king decide to help Washington?
11. What was Fort Necessity?
Answer:
Explanation:
7.The French and British were determined to keep the forts in the Ohio Valley because they wanted to maintain control of the lucrative fur trade in the area. The forts also served as military bases, allowing the French and British to control the movement of Native Americans and other settlers in the region. By controlling the forts, the French and British were able to protect their interests in the region and prevent their rivals from establishing a foothold in the area.
8.In 1753, Washington was sent to the Ohio Valley by the British government to persuade the French to leave the area. However, the French refused and Washington was forced to return to Virginia empty-handed. This incident marked the beginning of the French and Indian War, which lasted until 1763 and resulted in the British gaining control over the area.
9.When Virginians made their way to the forks to build their trading post, they were met with hostility from the French and their Native American allies, who had already established a trading post at the forks. The Virginians were forced to retreat, and their trading post was never built.
10. The Half-King decided to help Washington because he saw Washington as a brave and honorable man. He also wanted to help the British in their fight against the French, and he believed that Washington could help him achieve this goal.
11. Fort Necessity was a fort built by George Washington in 1754 during the French and Indian War. It was the site of the first battle of the war, in which Washington and his troops were defeated by the French. The fort was later destroyed by the French, but its ruins still remain in Pennsylvania.
When did the celebration of black history month began?
a. from January 2 to February 28, 1970.
b. from February 2 to March 28, 1970.
c. from March 2 to Apr 28, 1970.
d. from Apr 2 to May 28, 1970.
In February 1969, black schools and teachers and Black United Students at Kent State University proposed Black History Month for the first time. A year later, from January 2 to February 28, 1970, Kent State University hosted the first Black History Month commemoration.
Who started the Black History Month ceremony?
Carter G. Woodson is a historian.
The event, also recognized as African American History Month, arose from "Negro History Week," which was created by mentioned historian German Immigrant Woodson and some other prominent African Americans. So each Leader of the Free World has declared February to be Black History Month since 1976.
Where did the very first Black History Month take place?
The origins of Black History Month can be traced back to the summer of 1915 in Chicago. A Chicago University alumnus with several acquaintances throughout the city
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What was one main difference between the Spanish colonization of the Philippines and the Portuguese strongholds in the Indian Ocean basin? A. The Spanish converted Filipinos to Christianity while the Portuguese often blended into the local populations B. The Spanish only established coastal outposts while the Portuguese conquered inland areas C. The Portuguese killed large numbers of natives but the Spanish did not use violence to enforce their ruleD. The Portuguese made little use of their naval superiority in establishing their strongholds but the Spanish did
The Spanish converted Filipinos to Christianity, while the Portuguese frequently blended in with the locals. The Spanish quickly realized they were falling behind in the race to gain access to the East's riches.
Their onboard cannon was powerful enough to defeat other ships and coastal forts. They were near China but not ruled by it.
There is no unity, no proper government, and tribes are divided.
These are some of the reasons why the Spanish conquered our land so easily. As a result, we adapted their culture, traditions, and even their languages, which we still use today.
The Philippines were not a gold mine like Peru. In fact, no spices or minerals drew the attention of the Spanish.
The islands were more valuable for strategic reasons than anything else: they were a fantastic stopover in the middle of the Pacific ocean, brimming with food and peaceful people.
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During Spain’s control of the Louisiana Territory, which tribe was able to thrive by trading with the English? A. Osage B. Apache C. Zuni D. Wichita
During Spain’s control of the Louisiana Territory, the Apache tribe was able to thrive by trading with the English. Option (b) is correct.
Why did Spain give up Louisiana?Unlike Florida and Mexico, which completely adopted Spanish culture, Spain was never able to impose its culture on Louisiana. That region was far too big, and Spain never put in enough resources either financial or human to make it a workable colony.
France had initially claimed and ruled over the region, and in 1682, it gave it the name La Louisiana in tribute to King Louis XIV. By virtue of the conditions of the Treaty of Fontainebleau, Spain surreptitiously seized the province from France near the end of the Seven Years' War.
On October 1, 1800, First Consul of the Republic of France Napoleon Bonaparte seized Louisiana from Spain by the covert Treaty of San Ildefonso, just 24 hours after striking a peace agreement with the United States.
Therefore, Option (b) is correct.
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PLS HURRY!! how did antisemitism impact Leo Frank's arrest, arrest, and death?
Because he was Jewish and they labeled him as a sexual Deviant because of his blood because he was Jewish and did not actually kill that 13 year old girl they just arrested him convicted him of it because of him being Jewish not because he actually dithat they had no evidence for it
its importance to the economy of food industry?
Yes the food industry is important to the economy
What is the food industry?The food industry is the sector of the economy that is concerned with the production, distribution, and sale of food products. It encompasses a wide range of activities, including farming, fishing, forestry, and livestock production, as well as food processing, packaging, and distribution.
The food industry also includes restaurants, cafes, and other food service establishments, as well as retail food stores and supermarkets. It is a complex and global network that plays a critical role in feeding the world's population and contributes significantly to the economies of many countries.
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Next > Pretest: A Nation Emerges (1945-1960)
6
Select the correct answer from each drop-down menu.
How was the United States impacted after World War II?
After World War II, the United States of America entered a period of material abundance, caused largely by increased production. Also, the 1950s became known for the expansion of the culture of consumerism.
How was the United States impacted after World War II?The United States was a very different country in 1945 than it is today. Nearly one-third of Americans were poor. A third of the country's homes did not have running water, two-fifths did not have flushing toilets, and three-fifths did not have central heating.
Following World War II, the United States embarked on an economic boom that brought unprecedented prosperity to the majority of its citizens while also raising Americans' expectations and instilling a belief that most economic and social problems could be solved.
The struggle for equality among women and minorities, and the backlash that these struggles elicited; the growth of suburbs; and the shift in power from the older industrial states and cities of the Northeast to the South were among the pivotal themes of this period.
Full question "Select the correct answer from each drop-down menu. How was the United States Impacted after World War II? After World War II, the United States entered a period of ??? caused largely by ??? The 1950s became known for the expansion of the culture of ???
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who suggested that the us keep the ussr from expanding its power until communism fell apart from its own weakness?
The policy of containing Soviet expansion was proposed by George F. Kennan, an American diplomat and historian who served as the U.S. Ambassador to the Soviet Union.
In a famous telegram sent in 1946, known as the "Long Telegram," Kennan outlined his belief that the Soviet Union was inherently expansionist and that the U.S. needed to adopt a policy of containment to prevent its further spread.
Kennan argued that the Soviet system was vulnerable to internal weaknesses, such as economic inefficiency and popular discontent, and that the U.S. should work to contain Soviet expansion until these weaknesses caused the system to collapse.
This policy became the basis for U.S. foreign policy during the Cold War, and was implemented through a combination of military alliances, economic aid, and diplomatic efforts to prevent Soviet expansion.
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Off the coast of which country was the Lusitania torpedoed
Answer:
Ireland
Explanation:
what caused women's roles to change in the catholic church during and after the counter-reformation
Answer:
Explanation:
Women reformers like Teresa of Avila, Angela Merici, and Jane of Chantal helped establish religious orders that founded schools. Their fervor for the Catholic faith inspired many would-be Protestants to remain in the Church. After the Counter-Reformation, many the status of women improved very little, if not any.
Women's roles in the Catholic Church changed both during and after the counter-reformation because they were less segregated and able to assist girls, the poor, and those in need.
During the Counter-Reformation, the Catholic Church underwent a period of reform and renewal in response to the Protestant Reformation. One of the changes that occurred during this time was the shift in women's roles within the Catholic Church. Prior to the Counter-Reformation, women were largely excluded from leadership positions and were not allowed to become priests or hold other religious offices.
However, during the Counter-Reformation, the Catholic Church began to recognize the important contributions of women to the Church and began to allow women to take on more active roles within the Church. This included the establishment of religious orders for women, such as the Ursulines and the Sisters of Charity, which allowed women to take on leadership roles and become more involved in the Church's mission.
Women were allowed to become more involved in religious education and were given more opportunities to participate in the Church's liturgy. These changes helped to expand the role of women within the Catholic Church and allowed them to become more active and influential members of the Church.
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What is Lincoln ordering the Army and Navy?
On January 27, 1862, President Abraham Lincoln issues General War OrderNo. 1, ordering all land and ocean forces to advance on February 22, 1862. This bold move transferred a communication to his commanders that the chairman was tired of defenses and detainments in seizing the descent against Belligerent forces.
What part did Lincoln propose to the US cortege ?
Lincoln's call for a leaguer of Southern anchorages, which created the need for a large cortege , may have been one of his wisest wartime opinions. 2 During the conflict the cortege demonstrated that it could do much further than maintain a leaguer — its most important task but this vast ocean power advantage was underutilized.
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After the tsar stepped down, why did the Provisional Committee eventually lose power to the Bolsheviks?
After the tsar stepped down, why did the Provisional Committee eventually lose power to the Bolsheviks ,provisional Government concerned its failure to tackle three main issues.
The main reasons for dissatisfaction with the Provisional Government concerned its failure to tackle three main issues: continuation of the War. demands for land. economic and social problems facing the population.
Unable to satisfy popular expectations for peace, or to enact social and economic reform in the midst of war, this governing body succumbed to the Bolshevik Revolution in October.
During its brief lifespan the Provisional Government faced many challenges, including Russia's involvement in World War I, ongoing economic shortages and opposition from a recalcitrant Petrograd Soviet and radical Bolshevik revolutionaries.
The Provisional Government failed to recognize the need for peace and thus did not prioritize the withdrawal from the world war, and there was a naval mutiny. The government was too focused on the war, and the economic and social problems began to worsen.
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What is an application you have been able to draw recently from a passage of Scripture?
A good example is one of the passage of Scripture about the practice of forgiveness. In "Matthew 6:14-15", Jesus Christ says "For if you forgive other people when they sin against you, your heavenly Father will also forgive you".
This passage is an important passage as its teaches Christians the value of seeking forgiveness in the Christian faith and why we should forgive others as we wish to be forgiven by God.
What does Matthew 6 14 say about forgiveness?The fourteenth and fifteenth verses of Matthew 6:14–15 are found in the sixth chapter of the New Testament's Gospel of Matthew and are a part of the Sermon on the Mount. These verses immediately follow the Lord's Prayer and provide an explanation for one of its clauses.
Applying this passage to our daily lives could entail either forgiving others who have wronged us or asking for forgiveness for our own transgressions. We can live more peacefully with one another and grow closer to God if we do this.
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Which of the following show a difference between Sparta and Athens? Select the three correct answers.
Answer: 1. Athens was an open society while Sparta was a closed one. 2. Athens was democratic, while a selected few ruled Sparta.
3. Sparta's education was more involved with fighting and such, while Athens's education was more concerned with things like mathematics, philosophy, and art as well as politics
Explanation: these answers might not be exactly worded the same way on your quiz but look for the ones that are the most similar.
i hope this helps goodluck
HELPP!!! PLEASE
answer choices below
cupid
apollo
artimis
aphrodite
zeus
hera
athena bacchus
The match between Greek gods and Roman gods is given as follows;
Cupid = Eros Apollo = Apollo Artemis = Diana Aphrodite = Venus Zeus = Jupiter Hera = Juno Athena = Minerva Bacchus = DionysusWhat is the significance of Greek gods?The Greeks believed in gods and goddesses who had power over all aspects of people's life. The Ancient Greeks thought that they needed to pray to the gods for aid and protection because the gods would punish them if they were dissatisfied with them.
Greek mythology teaches important life lessons. Courage, determination, jealousy, love, fidelity, and other recurring themes might help us better comprehend human conduct. We obtain a better knowledge of human nature and how to deal with life's obstacles by studying these stories.
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Question 15 of 20
Which statement best describes President Calvin Coolidge's position on civil
rights during his presidency?
O A. Coolidge ignored the challenges faced by ethnic and religious
minorities.
B. Coolidge focused on universal voting rights, especially for
Indigenous people.
C. Coolidge spoke out against racism and discrimination but took
little action.
D. Coolidge enacted the first laws that protected the rights of Black
Americans
Option C is correct that Coolidge spoke up against racism and inequality, but did nothing to address it.
During his administration, what was Calvin Coolidge renowned for?He ruled over a healthy economy and wanted to reduce the federal government's regulatory role. Coolidge worked with Treasury Secretary Andrew Mellon to pass three key tax cuts. "Keep Cool and Keep Coolidge" was Calvin Coolidge's presidential campaign slogan in 1924. "Honest Days With Davis" - John W. Davis (Usually used with a graphic of Teapot Rock to emphasize the Teapot Dome affair. The 35th quadrennial presidential election in the United States was conducted on Tuesday, November 4, 1924. Calvin Coolidge, the incumbent Republican President, was elected to a full term in a three-way race. Coolidge was just the second president to be elected to a full term.
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Answer: C
Explanation:
1. Why did the British decide NOT to send most of their soldiers and ships to defeat the U.S. when the War of 1812 broke out?
2. Why did the British burn Washington, D.C., and how did the loss of the city affect the Americans?
3. How did the small U.S. Navy fight the much larger British navy on the open seas, and why did they choose to fight this way?
Answer: 1. The War of 1812 came to an end largely because the British public had grown tired of the sacrifice and expense of their twenty-year war against France.
2. The reason why they burned Washington D.C. was because the Americans burned and attack government buildings in Canada. And the way it affected the Americans is because Washington D.C. was a symbol of power and when it was lost it made the Americans seem weak.
3. The reason why they were able to beat the British was because they had well trained seamen that were able to operate the powerful Frigates they had at their disposal. And they chose to fight this way because most of the American seamen were used to sailing in open waters and could maneuver well.
Explanation: Hope this helps
Action Describe the action with contextual information Write in sentence form. Include when and where it took place, who was involved, what happened, how it happened, why it happened What issues did the event attempt to address? Can be written as notes or a bulleted list. To what extent did the action fix problems it attempted to address? Write in sentence form. Use at least one of the conjunctions: but, because, or so 1. Storming of the Bastille, 1789 The Bastille was stormed to protest the king's abuse of power. It happened in 1789. The commoners were involved. They struck a blow at one of the monarchy’s most forbidding symbols That the ruling of the king is unfair and they wanted it to be more equal than what it was 2. The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen, August 27, 1789 3. The Women’s March on Versailles, October 5th-6th, 1789 4. The Constitution of 1791, September 3, 1791
The storming of the Bastille helped to address these issues. It sparked a wave of revolutionary fervor that led to the overthrow of the monarchy, the establishment of a republic.
What is the storming of the Bastille?When and where: July 14, 1789, at the Bastille fortress in Paris, FranceWho was involved: A large crowd of commoners and revolutionaries, along with the Bastille's governor and soldiersWhat happened: The crowd stormed the fortress, which was seen as a symbol of royal tyranny, to seize weapons and ammunition and to free prisoners. The governor and some of the soldiers were killed, and the fortress was eventually taken and destroyed.How it happened: The crowd first tried to negotiate with the governor to surrender the fortress, but when he refused, they broke in by force. There was a violent confrontation with the soldiers, which eventually led to the governor's death and the surrender of the fortress.Why it happened: The storming of the Bastille was a response to the king's abuse of power and the political and economic turmoil in France at the time. It was seen as a symbolic blow against the monarchy and a way to assert the power of the people.To know more about storm of bastille , check out :
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How does Winston feel about the message on the note?
After getting the note he was stunned and found it hard to concentrate on his work for part of the day.
In George Orwell's novel 1984, Julia hands Winston a note that says, "I adore you." Given that they don't even know one another, this would seem absurd. In essence, if you don't know someone, you shouldn't declare your love for them out loud. Love, though, is a mysterious thing. Some people really do experience the cliché "love at first sight." As a result, even if they haven't met in person, they have already crossed paths several times. The note has Winston completely perplexed. Although he suspects Julia, or "the girl," may be a spy, he is also drawn to doing good deeds. When Winston first sees her, he is divided between wanting to help her and not. Winston ultimately decides to meet Julia. Winston seems to be compelled to disregard caution due to three simple words from a stranger. He is now interested in both the girl and her purported love for him.
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what was the lewis and clark expedition often called by historians
The Lewis and Clark Expedition, also known as the Corps of Discovery Expedition, was the United States passage to cross the recently acquired western portion of the country after the Louisiana Purchase.
Lewis and Clark Expedition,( 1804 – 06), U.S. military passage, led by Capt. Meriwether Lewis and Lieut. William Clark, to explore the Louisiana Purchase and the Pacific Northwest. The passage was a major chapter in the history of American disquisition. Meriwether Lewis and William Clark are best known for their passage from the Mississippi Swash to the West Coast and back. The passage, called the Corps of Discovery, was President Thomas Jefferson's visionary design to explore the American West. It began in May of 1804 and ended in September 1806.
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what arguments does fitzhugh use to promote slavery? what basic premise underlies his ideas? can you think of a modern parallel to fitzhugh’s argument?
Fitzhugh uses several arguments to promote slavery. One of his main arguments is that slavery is a natural and necessary part of society, and that it is actually beneficial for both the slave and the slave owner.
He argues that slaves are better off under the care and protection of their masters, and that slave owners are fulfilling a moral obligation by providing for their slaves. Fitzhugh also argues that slavery is an integral part of the economy, and that without it, the economy would collapse.
The basic premise underlying Fitzhugh's ideas is the belief that some people are inherently superior to others, and that it is natural and right for the superior people to have control over the inferior people. This belief is rooted in the idea of social Darwinism, which holds that the strongest and most fit individuals and groups will naturally rise to the top and dominate others.
And a modern parallel to Fitzhugh's argument can be seen in the way that some people justify economic inequality. Some people argue that the wealthy are wealthy because they are inherently superior and more deserving, and that it is natural and right for them to have more wealth and power than others. This argument is similar to Fitzhugh's argument in that it is based on the idea of inherent superiority and the belief that it is natural and right for some people to have control over others.
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during the 1800s, america only became involved in european affairs when the affairs directly affected the united states. true false
True During the 1800s, the United States only became involved in European affairs when they directly impacted the country.
Why did America become more isolated after World War I?American public opinion and policy moved toward isolationism in the 1930s as a result of the Great Depression and the painful memories of World War I's casualties. Isolationists advocated not being involved in Asian and European conflicts or in international politics.
How did the United States conduct its foreign policy in the 1920s and 1930s?Thus, isolationist policies were the hallmark of American foreign policy in the 1920s; For example, even though the United States was the first nation to propose such international cooperation, it decided not to join the League of Nations, which was just starting out.
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who was not allowed into early nursing schools until 1886?
Answer:
Well only in the Early nursing associations segregated (women only) Not Males. Males were not admitted to early schools. The Feminization of Nursing. Requirements for early nursing school
Explanation:
Many nursing schools refused admission to men and the situation only changed considerably after 1981
Early nursing schools in the United States were typically reserved for women and males were not allowed into training until 1886.
Besides, nursing was very associated with nuns, because that was an important work for those religious women. But with the pass of the time, nursing profession began to be more secular.
The profession only for womenThe mentioned phenomenon is because nursing was seen as a profession for women and males were not encouraged to pursue it. However, in 1886, the first nursing school for males was established in New York. Since then, the number of males in the nursing profession has steadily increased, but it is still a field that is predominantly made up of women.
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Election of 1828 please help me
Answer:
The 1828 United States presidential election was the 11th quadrennial presidential election. It was held from Friday, October 31 to Tuesday, December 2, 1828. It featured a repetition of the 1824 election, as President John Quincy Adams of the National Republican Party faced Andrew Jackson of the Democratic Party
Latin American colonies experienced increased economic self-determination when Spain was distracted by a souring alliance with France during the rule of King Louis XIV. True false question. True
False
False. Latin American colonies did not experience increased economic self-determination during the rule of King Louis XIV.
During the 17th century, Spain was the dominant European power in the Americas and had a tight grip on its colonies in Latin America. However, Spain faced economic challenges and geopolitical conflicts during the reign of King Louis XIV of France, who was seeking to expand his own power in Europe and the Americas.
In response to these challenges, the Spanish crown tightened its control over the colonies, increasing restrictions on trade and commerce in order to protect its own economic interests. For example, the crown implemented the "mercantilist" economic policy, which aimed to increase the Spanish treasury's wealth by limiting imports and exports from the colonies, and mandating that all goods be transported on Spanish ships.
Furthermore, the Spanish crown established a series of regulatory institutions, such as the Casa de Contratación in Seville, which oversaw all trade between Spain and its colonies, and the Viceroyalties, which were regional governments that ensured the enforcement of the crown's policies in the colonies.
Therefore, it is incorrect to say that Latin American colonies experienced increased economic self-determination during the rule of King Louis XIV. Instead, Spain tightened its grip on the colonies and increased its control over their economic activities in response to economic and geopolitical challenges.
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Why was the synagogue important to Jewish life
In the early 1900s what type of government did most Europeans have?
Explanation:
Shifts in the political spectrum and larger issues of industrial society prompted important changes in government functions through the second half of the 19th century. Mass education headed the list. Building on earlier precedents, most governments in western Europe established universal public schooling in the 1870s and ’80s, requiring attendance at least at the primary levels. Education was seen as essential to provide basic skills such as literacy and numeracy. It also was a vital means of conditioning citizens to loyalty to the national government. All the educational systems vigorously pushed nationalism in their history and literature courses. They tried to standardize language, as against minority dialects and languages (opposing Polish in Germany, for example, or Breton in France).
A second extension of government functions involved peacetime military conscription, which was resisted only in Great Britain. Prussia’s success in war during the 1860s convinced other continental powers that military service was essential, and conscription, along with steadily growing armaments expenditures, enhanced the military readiness of most governments.
Governments also expanded their record-keeping functions, replacing church officials. Requirements for civil marriages (in addition to religious ceremonies where desired), census-taking, and other activities steadily expanded state impact in these areas. Regulatory efforts increased from the 1850s. Central governments inspected food-processing facilities and housing. Inspectors checked to make sure that safety provisions and rules on work hours and the employment of women and children were observed. Other functionaries carefully patrolled borders, requiring passports for entry. Most countries (Britain again was an exception) increased tariff regulations in the 1890s, seeking to conciliate agriculturalists and industrialists alike; while not a new function, this signaled the state’s activist role in basic economic policy. Most European governments ran all or part of the railroad system and set up telephone services as part of postal operations.
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