Answer:
Council of Economic Advisors (CEA)
I would recommend this policy to increase aggregate output:
B) increase government purchases by $250 billion
Explanation:
To increase aggregate output (GDP) by $500 billion, in order to reduce the unemployment rate, government, given the best estimate for the MPC as 0.5, it would be to increase government purchases by $250 billion. The MPC is the marginal propensity to consume.
By increasing government purchases by $250 billion, the ripple effect would ginger industries to generate more output, thereby increasing the factors that affect aggregate output. These actions would then increase aggregate output by more than $500 billion. This choice is made because government spending is funded from taxes, making government unable to cut taxes.
Economists define aggregate output as "the sum of all the goods and services produced in an economy over a certain period of time." Aggregate output is an economy's total productivity or GDP (Gross Domestic Product). The factors that determine aggregate output include household wealth, consumer and business expectations, capacity utilization, monetary policy, fiscal policy, exchange rates, and foreign GDP.
The equation for calculating aggregate output, which expands the GDP by showing price level, is given as "Y = Y ad = C + I + G + NX tells us that aggregate output (or aggregate income) is equal to aggregate demand, which in turn is equal to consumer expenditure plus investment (planned, physical stuff) plus government spending plus net exports (exports – imports)."
Rick is planning to invest the following amounts at 7 percent: $254 at the end of year 1, $412 at the end of year 2, and $1,230 at the end of year 3. How much money will he have saved at the end of year 3
Answer:
$1,961.65
Explanation:
The formula for finding future value :
FV = P (1+r)^n
P = Present value
R = interest rate
N = number of years
First step is to find the present value of the cash flows.
PV can be found using a financial calculator
Cash flow in year 1 = $254
Cash flow in year 2 = $412
Cash flow in year 3 = $1,230
I = 7%
Present value = $1,601.29
I would now input the value of p in the FV formula
$1,601.29 ( 1 + 0.07) ^3 = $1,961.65
To find the PV using a financial calacutor:
1. Input the cash flow values by pressing the CF button. After inputting the value, press enter and the arrow facing a downward direction.
2. After inputting all the cash flows, press the NPV button, input the value for I, press enter and the arrow facing a downward direction.
3. Press compute
Kela Corporation reports net income of $470,000 that includes depreciation expense of $83,000. Also, cash of $44,000 was borrowed on a 6-year note payable. Based on this data, total cash inflows from operating activities are: Multiple Choice $514,000. $553,000. $597,000. $387,000.
Answer:
The Total cash inflows from operating activities are $553,000
Explanation:
According to the given data, the Statement of Cash Flow from Operating Activities would be as follows:
Statement of Cash Flow from Operating Activities
Particulars Amount Total Amount
Income $470,000
Depreciation $83,000
Cash flow from operating activities $553,000
The cash of $44,000 was borrowed on a 6-year note payable. It is Financing Activity since note is long term
Therefore, total cash inflows from operating activities are $553,000
Consider the following cost function. a. Find the average cost and marginal cost functions. b. Determine the average and marginal cost when xequalsa. c. Interpret the values obtained in part (b)
Answer:
a) Average Cost function = 0.1 + (1000/x)
Marginal Cost function = 0.1
b) At x = a = 2000
Average Cost = 0.6
Marginal Cost = 0.1
c) The average cost calculate at x = 2000 in (b) represents the average cost of producing the first 2000 units of product and the marginal cost calculated at x = 2000 in (b) represents the cost of producing the 2001th unit of product.
Explanation:
The complete question
Consider the following cost functions.
a. Find the average cost and marginal cost functions.
b. Determine the average and marginal cost when x=a.
c. Interpret the values obtained in part (b).
C(x)=1000+0.1x, 0≤x≤5000, a=2000
Solution
a) The average cost is given as the total cost divided by the quantity produced.
A(x) = C(x) ÷ x
C(x) = 1000 + 0.1x
A(x) = (1000 + 0.1x) ÷ x = (1000/x) + 0.1
A(x) = 0.1 + (1000/x)
The marginal cost is given as the first derivative of the cost function with respect to the quantity of products produced.
M(x) = (dC/dx)
C(x) = 1000 + 0.1x
M(x) = (d/dx) (1000 + 0.1x) = 0.1
b) To calculate these values at x = a = 2000
Average cost at x = 2000
A(x) = 0.1 + (1000/x) = 0.1 + (1000/2000) = 0.1 + 0.5 = 0.6
Marginal Cost at x = 2000
M(x) = 0.1
c) The average cost is the cost per unit of producing a particular quantity of product.
The marginal cost is the cost of producing an extra unit of product.
Hence, the average cost calculate at x = 2000 in (b) represents the average cost of producing the first 2000 units of product and the marginal cost calculated at x = 2000 in (b) represents the cost of producing the 2001th unit of product.
Hope this Helps!!!
The trial balance of Rachel Company at the end of its fiscal year, August 31, 2017, includes these accounts: Inventory $29,200; Purchases $144,000; Sales Revenue $190,000; Freight-In $8,000; Sales Returns and Allowances $3,000; Freight-Out $1,000; and Purchases Returns and Allowances $5,000. The ending inventory is $25,000. Prepare a cost of goods sold section for the year ending August 31.
Answer:
$151,200
Explanation:
The cost of goods sold is the beginning inventory plus purchases plus freight-in, minus purchases returns and allowances minus ending inventory
Cost of goods sold extract of income statement:
Beginning inventory $29,200
Purchases $144,000
Freight-in $8,000
Purchases returns and allowances ($5,000)
Net purchases $147,000
cost of goods available for sale $176,200
ending inventory ($25,000)
cost of goods sold $151,200
The cost of goods sold is $151,200,which would be deducted from net sales in order to arrive at gross profit
A pension fund manager is considering three mutual funds. The first is a stock fund, the second is a long-term government and corporate bond fund, and the third is a T-bill money market fund that yields a sure rate of 4.4%. The probability distributions of the risky funds are: Expected Return Standard Deviation Stock fund (S) 14% 34% Bond fund (B) 5% 28% The correlation between the fund returns is 0.0214. What is the expected return and standard deviation for the minimum-variance portfolio of the two risky funds
Answer:
Explanation:
Expected Return stock fund ([tex]E_{rs[/tex]) = 14% = 0.14, Expected Return bond fund ([tex]E_{rb[/tex]) = 5% = 0.05, Standard Deviation stock fund ([tex]\sigma_s[/tex]) = 34% = 0.34, Standard Deviation bond fund ([tex]\sigma_b[/tex]) = 28% = 0.28, correlation (ρ) between the fund returns is 0.0214
Suppose that Congress passes a law requiring employers to provide employees some benefit (such as healthcare) that raises the cost of an employee by $4 per hour. Assume that firms were not providing such benefits prior to the legislation. On the following graph, use the green line (triangle symbol) to show the effect this employer mandate has on the demand for labor.On the previous graph, use the purple line (diamond symbol) to show the effect this employer mandate has on the supply of labor. Suppose the wage is free to balance supply and demand. Use the black point (plus symbol) to indicate the equilibrium wage and level of employment before this law, and use the grey point (star symbol) to indicate the equilibrium wage and level of employment after this law is implemented.
True or False: Employers and employees are made worse off by this law.
True False Suppose that, before the mandate, the wage in this market was $3 above the minimum wage. In this case, the employer mandate will decrease the equilibrium wage rate from $10 per hour to $6 per hour, causing employment to increase V and unemployment to decrease 'V' . Now suppose that workers do not value the mandated benefit at all. Which of the following statements are true under this circumstance?
1. The wage rate will decline by less than $4.
2. Employers are worse off than before the mandated benefit.
3. The equilibrium quantity of labor will decline.
4. The supply curve of labor doesn't shift at all.
5. Employees are worse off than before the mandated benefit.
Answer:
a. False
b. 1. The wage rate will decline by less than $4.
2.Employers are worse off than before the mandated benefit.
3. The equilibrium quantity of labor will decline.
4. The supply curve of labor doesn't shift at all
5. Employees are worse off than before the mandated benefit.
Explanation:
The Equilibrium wage and employment level are at the point where demand and supply curves intersect. The new law will cause the demand and supply curve to shift down. Employers and employees are not made worse off rather they are well off as before.
When the workers will not value the benefit as mandated in the law the supply curve will not shift down, the equilibrium quantity of labor will decline and wage rate will decline by less than $4. Employers are worse off than before because a greater total wage will be paid by employers plus benefit for few workers. This will result in greater total cost to employer.
Price serves as a a. rationing device. b. transmitter of information. c. means of determining who gets what of the available limited resources and goods. d. a and b e. all of the above
Answer:
e. all of the above
Explanation:
Price are an mechanism that serve to coordinate economic activity. They help coordinate economic decisions such as rationing, they transmit information, and they also help economic agents make decisions about what to sell, what to buy, what to exchange, and so on.
Selected accounts from the ledger of Garrison Company appear below. For each account, indicate the following:
a. In the first column at the right, indicate the nature of each account, using the following abbreviations: Asset - A Revenue - R Liability - L Expense - E None of the above - N
b. In the second column, indicate the increase side of each account by inserting "Dr." for Debit or "Cr." for Credit.
Account Type of Account Increase Side
(1) Supplies
(2) Fees Earned
(3) Retained Earnings
(4) Accounts Payable
(5) Salaries Expense
(6) Common stock
(7) Accounts Receivable
(8) Equipment
(9) Notes Payable
Answer & Explanation:
Account Type of Account Increase side
Supplies Asset Debit
Retained Earnings Capital Credit
Fees Earned Revenue Credit
Accounts Payable Liability Credit
Salary Expense Debit
Common Stock Asset Debit
Account Receivable Asset Debit
Equipment Asset Debit
Notes Payable Liability Credit
Assume that the public in the small country of Sylvania does not hold any cash. Commercial banks, however, hold 10 percent of their checking deposits as excess reserves, regardless of the interest rate. In the questions that follow, the "money multiplier" is given by 1 / (RR + ER ).
Where
RR = the percentage of deposits that banks are required to keep as reserves
ER = the percentage of deposits that banks voluntarily hold as excess reserves
Consider the balance sheet of one of several identical banks:
Assets Liabilities and Net Worth
Reserves 400 Checking Deposits 2,000
Loans 1,600 Net Worth 0
Total Assets 2,000 Liabilities and Net Worth 2,000
The required reserve ratio in this economy is _________%. (Enter your response as an integer.)
If the total money stock (supply) is $600,000, the total amount of reserves held in the banking system is_____ $
Answer and Explanation:
The computation is shown below:
(1) The required reserve ratio is
= Required reserves ÷ Checkable deposit
where,
Required reserves
= Total reserves - Excess reserves
= 400 - 2,000 × 10%
= $400 - $200
= $200
And, the checkable deposit is $2,000
So, the required reserve ratio is
= $200 ÷ $2,000
= 10%
(2) Now the total amount of reserves is
But before that first we have to determine the money multiplier is
Money multiplier (MM) = 1 ÷ (ER + RR)
= 1 ÷ (0.10 + 0.10)
= 1 ÷ 0.20
= 5
Now
Monetary base (MB) is
= Money stock ÷ Money multiplier
= $600,000 ÷ 5
= $120,000
And as we know that
Monetary base = Currency + Reserves, and Currency (i.e held by public) = 0
So,
Reserves = Monetary base = $120,000
g A statement describing how the world is a. is a normative statement. b. is a positive statement. c. would only be made by an economist speaking as a policy adviser. d. would only be made by an economist employed by the government.
Answer:
b. is a positive statement
Explanation:
Positive statements describes what is and not ones personal opinion or value judgements.
An example of a positive statment is when prices increase, demand falls.
A normative statement describes value judgement and it is not based on empirical evidence.
An example of a normative statment is the government ought to increase prices of junk food so people can eat more healthy food.
I hope my answer helps you
17
A property company received cash for property rentals totalling $738,400 during the
year to 31 December 2009. Figures for rent received in advance and rent in arrears at
the beginning and end of the year were as follows.
31 December 2008
31 December 2009
Rent received in advance
125,300
77,700
Rent in arrears
(all subsequently paid, no bad debts)
39,600
41,100
What amount should appear in the company's income statement for the year ended 31
December 2009 for rental income?
Answer:
$764,400
Explanation:
Payment in advanced are prepayment which are treated as current liability until the service is delivered and sales income are credited while the .prepayment account are debited.
Accrual payment are payment for service already delivered which are current liability (receivables)
Rental income received = $738,000
Rent in advance as at 31/12/2008 102,600
(prepayment for 2009)
Rent in advance as at 31/12/2009 (77,700)
Prepayment for 2010
Rent in arrears as at 31/12/2008 (39,600)
Accrued payment for 2008
Rent in arrears as at 31/12/2009 41,100
Recognized income 764,400
Chocolates R' Us, Inc is owned equally by Desi and his wife Lucy, each of whom hold 550 shares in the company. Lucy plans to reduce her ownership in the company, with the company planning to redeem 475 of her shares for $10,000 per share on December 31 of this year. Assume Desi and Lucy are not getting along and have separated due to marital discord, but are not legally separated. Because they no longer talk to each other, they communicate only through their accountant. Lucy wants to argue that she should not be treated as owning any of Desi's stock in Chocolates because of their hostility toward each other. Can family hostility be used as an argument to voice the family attribution rules?
Answer:
Chocolates R' Us, Inc.
Family hostility cannot be used as an argument to void the family attribution rules.
Lucy is still legally married to Desi. What the husband, Desi, therefore, owes, she owes equally despite their separation and her intention to reduce her ownership in their joint company.
Explanation:
Family Attribution Rules: Section 318 of the Internal Revenue Code says an individual shall be considered as owning the stock owned, directly or indirectly, by or for his spouse and his children, grandchildren, and parents, including legally adopted children.
Matt Winne, Inc. issued $ 1 comma 000 comma 000 of 9%, nine-year bonds payable on January 1, 2018. The market interest rate at the date of issuance was 6%, and the bonds pay interest semiannually.
1) How much cash did the company receive upon issuance of the bonds payable?
2) Prepare an amortization table for the bond using theeffective-interest method, through the first two interest payments. (Round to the nearest dollar.)
3) Journalize the issuance of the bonds on January 1, 2018, and the first and second payments of the semiannual interest amount and amortization of the bonds on June 30, 2018, and December 31, 2018. Explanations are not required.
4) Journalize the payment of the first semiannual interest amount and amortization of the bond on June 30, 2018
5) Journalize the payment of the second semiannual interest amount and amortization of the bond on December 31, 2018.
Answer:
1) $1,223,163
2) bond premium amortization coupon 1 = $8,305
bond premium amortization coupon 2 = $8,554
3)
January 1, 2018, bonds are issued
Dr Cash 1,223,163
Cr Bonds payable 1,000,000
Cr Premium on bonds payable 223,163
4)
June 30, 2018, first coupon payment
Dr Interest expense 36,695
Dr Premium on bonds payable 8,305
Cr Cash 45,000
5)
December 31, 2018, second coupon payment
Dr Interest expense 36,446
Dr Premium on bonds payable 8,554
Cr Cash 45,000
Explanation:
bonds price = PV of face value + PV of coupons
PV of face value = $1,000,000 / 1.03²⁰ = $553,675.75
PV of coupon payments = $45,000 x 14.8775 (annuity factor 3%, 20 payments) = $669,487.50
issue price = $553,675.75 + $669,487.50 = $1,223,163.25 ≈ $1,223,163
Dr Cash 1,223,163
Cr Bonds payable 1,000,000
Cr Premium on bonds payable 223,163
amortization coupon 1 = $45,000 - ($1,223,163 x 3%) = $45,000 - $36,695 = $8,305
amortization coupon 2 = $45,000 - ($1,214,858 x 3%) = $45,000 - $36,446 = $8,554
g Closser Corporation produces and sells two products. In the most recent month, Product M50S had sales of $43,000 and variable expenses of $11,980. Product H50G had sales of $56,000 and variable expenses of $14,750. The fixed expenses of the entire company were $46,180. The break-even point for the entire company is closest to:
Answer:
$63,260
Explanation:
Break-even point is the level of Activity where a firm neither makes a profit nor a loss.
Break even point (Dollars) = Fixed Costs / Contribution Margin Ratio
Contribution Margin Ratio
Is calculated as := Contribution / Sales
= (Sales less Variable Costs) / Sales
= ($43,000+$56,000-$11,980-$14,750) / $99,000
= $72,270/$99,000
= 0.73
Break even point (Dollars) = $46,180 / 0.73
= $63,260
At December 31, 2010, Aaliyah Company reports the following results for its calendar year.
Cash sales........... $1905,000
Credit sales......... 5682000
In addition, its unadjusted trial balance includes the following items
Accounts receivable $1,270,100 debit
Allowance for doubtful accounts 16,580 debit
Required
1. Prepare the adjusting entry for Aaliyah Co. to recognize bad debts under each of the following independent assumptions:
a. Bad debts are estimated to be 1.5% of credit sales.
b. Bad debts are estimated to be 1% of total sales.
c. An aging analysis estimates that 5% of year-end accounts receivable are uncollectible.
2. Show how Accounts Receivable and the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts appear on its December 31, 2010, balance sheet assuming that an aging analysis estimates that 5% of year-end accounts receivable are uncollectible.
Answer:
1.
Debit Credit
31-Dec-10
(a) Bad debt Expense A/c 85,230
To Allowance for Doubtful Accounts A/c 85,230
(b) Bad debt Expense A/c 75,870
To Allowance for Doubtful Accounts A/c 75,870
(c) Bad debt Expense A/c 80,085
To Allowance for Doubtful Accounts A/c 80,085
2.
Current Assets Amount in $ Amount in $
Account Receivables 1,270,100
Less: Allowance for doubtful accounts -85,230 1,184,870
Explanation:
1. In order to prepare the adjusting entry we would have to make the following calculations:
(a) Bad debts estimated =1.5% on Credit sales =$5682,000 *1.5% =$85,230 (b) Bad debts estimated =1% on Total sales =($5682,000 +$ 1905,000) *1% =$75,870
(c ) Bad debts estimated =5% on year end receivables + Debit Balance =5% *1270100 +16580 =$80085
Debit Credit
31-Dec-10
(a) Bad debt Expense A/c 85,230
To Allowance for Doubtful Accounts A/c 85,230
(b) Bad debt Expense A/c 75,870
To Allowance for Doubtful Accounts A/c 75,870
(c) Bad debt Expense A/c 80,085
To Allowance for Doubtful Accounts A/c 80,085
2. Accounts Receivable and the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts appear on its December 31, 2010, balance sheet as follows:
Current Assets Amount in $ Amount in $
Account Receivables 1,270,100
Less: Allowance for doubtful accounts -85,230 1,184,870
Account A pays simple interest.
Future ValueA = Principal + Interest
= Principal + [(Principal x Interest Rate) x Investment Period]
= $2,000 + [($2,000 x 996) x 3 years]
Future Value of Account X Note: Account X pays compound interest.
Future Valuex = Present Value x Interest Rate Factor
= Present Valuex(1 +Interest Rate)n years
= $2,000 x (1 + 0.09)3
To find the interest rate factor, you can use three different ways, including multiplying it out:
Interest Factor(1 0.09) x (1 0.09) x (1 0.09)1.2950
Or using exponents and calculating it directly:
Interest Factor(10.09)31.2950
Or looking up the value in the Future Value Interest Factor Table:
Interest Factors
Periods 6% 7% 8% 9% 10 11
1 1.0600 1.0700 1.0800 1.0900 1.1000 1.1100
2 1.1236 1.1449 1.1664 1.1881 1.2100 1.2321
3 1.1910 1.2250 1.2597 1.2950 1.3310 1.3676
4 1.2625 1.3108 1.3605 1.4116 1.4641 1.5181
The fourth alternative for solving the equations is to let a financial calculator perform the calculation. This requires that you know how your calculator functions and how to enter the following variables:
P/ Y N I / YR PV FV
1 3 9 2,000
P/Y indicates the number of compounding periods per year, N is the number of years, I is the interest rate, PV is present value, and FV is future value.
Difference in Future Values
Difference = FVx_FVA
Answer:
Explanation:
Interest Factors
Periods 6% 7% 8% 9% 10% 11 %
1 1.0600 1.0700 1.0800 1.0900 1.1000 1.1100
2 1.1236 1.1449 1.1664 1.1881 1.2100 1.2321
3 1.1910 1.2250 1.2597 1.2950 1.3310 1.3676
4 1.2625 1.3108 1.3605 1.4116 1.4641 1.5181
1)
Future value paying simple interest = Principal + [( principal * interest) * investment period]
Future value paying simple interest = $2,000 + [ ( $2,000 * 9%) * 3]
Future value paying simple interest = $2,000 + 540
Future value paying simple interest = $2,540
2)
Future value paying compound interest = Present value * ( 1 + interest)n
Future value paying compound interest = $2,000 * ( 1 + 0.09)3
Future value paying compound interest = $2,000 * 1.295029
Future value paying compound interest = $2,590.058
3)
Difference = $2,590.058 - 2,540
Difference = $50.058
For every dollar that you deposit into a bank, the bank will tend to:_________.
a) keep a portion of it and lend out the rest.
b) keep every penny as vault cash since it is such a small amount.
c) lend out every penny since almost all transactions are digital.
Answer:
The answer is A.
Explanation:
This system is known as Fractional Reserve Banking.
Fractional Reserve Banking is a banking system which allow banks to hold a fraction their customers' deposit as reserves. The rest not kept as reserves are used to make loans, thereby creating new money.
Central banks announce reserve requirements which banks within the jurisdiction must comply with.
Power Drive Corporation designs and produces a line of golf equipment and golf apparel. Power Drive has 100,000 shares of common stock outstanding as of the beginning of 2018.Power Drive has the following transactions affecting stockholders' equity in 2018.March 1 Issues 58,000 additional shares of $1 par value common stock for $55 per share.May 10 Repurchases 5,300 shares of treasury stock for $58 per share.June 1 Declares a cash dividend of $1.65 per share to all stockholders of record on June 15. (Hint: Dividends are not paid on treasury stock.)July 1 Pays the cash dividend declared on June 1.October 21 Reissues 2,650 shares of treasury stock purchased on May 10 for $63 per share.Power Drive Corporation has the following beginning balances in its stockholders' equity accounts on January 1, 2018: Common Stock, $100,000; Additional Paid-in Capital, $4,800,000; and Retained Earnings, $2,300,000. Net income for the year ended December 31, 2018, is $630,000.Required:Prepare the statement of stockholders’ equity for Power Drive Corporation for the year ended December 31, 2018. (Amounts to be deducted should be indicated by a minus sign.)
Answer and Explanation:
The Preparation of statement of stockholders’ equity is shown below:-
Statement of Stockholder's Equity
Power Drive Corporation
For the year ended December 31, 2018
Particulars Common Additional Retained Treasury Total
stock paid in Earning Stock Stockholder
capital equity
Jan 1 Balance 100,000 $4,800,000 $2,300,000 0 $7,200,000
Issued common
stock 58,000 $3,132,000 0 0 $3,190,000
(58,000 × $1) (58,000 × $54)
Purchase treasury
stock -$307,400 -$307,400
(5,300 × $58)
Dividends -$251,955 -$251,955
((100,000 + 58,000 - 5,300) × $1.65)
Sale of Treasury
stock $13,250 $153,700 $166,950
(2,650 × $5) (2,650 × $58)
Net Income $630,000 $630,000
Balance,
December
31 158,000 $7,945,250 $2,678,045 -$153,700 $10,627,595
Total Stockholder's equity is
= Common stock + Additional paid in capital + Retained earnings - Treasury stock
= 158,000 + $7,945,250 + $2,678,045 - $153,700
= $10,627,595
Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires each of the following: (You may select more than one answer. Single click the box with the question mark to produce a check mark for a correct answer and double click the box with the question mark to empty the box for a wrong answer. Any boxes left with a question mark will be automatically graded as incorrect.)
Required information An internal control system consists of the policies and procedures managers use to protect assets, ensure reliable accounting, promote efficient operations, and uphold company policies. It can prevent avoidable losses and help managers both plan operations and monitor company and human performance. Principles of good internal control include establishing responsibilities, maintaining adequate records, insuring assets and bonding employees, separating recordkeeping from custody of assets, dividing responsibilities for related transactions, applying technological controls, and performing regular independent reviews. Knowledge Check 01 Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires each of the following: (You may select more than one answer. Single click the box with the question mark to produce a check mark for a correct answer and double click the box with the question mark to empty the box for a wrong answer. Any boxes left with a question mark willl be automatically graded as incorrect.) An effective internal control ? Light penalties for violators Auditors must evaluate internal controls Auditor's work overseen by Public Accounting Board
Answer: An effective Internal Control
Auditors must evaluate internal controls
Auditor's work overseen by Public Accounting Board
Explanation:
The early part of the 21st century saw shocking financially improper activities by companies such as WorldCom and Enron exposed to the world. Investor Confidence was shaken and the government needed to do something to restore it.
This was why in 2002, the US Congress passed the Sarbanes-Oxley act that aimed to ensure that the actions of those companies were never repeated.
The act requires the following;
a) An effective Internal Control
The act requires that companies enact very effective Internal controls to detect financial irregularities and even went forward to make it the responsibility of the Top Executives to ensure that this is so.
b) Auditors must Evaluate Internal Controls.
Auditors had to change their auditing strategies that were deemed inefficient. They are now required to properly evaluate in-depth, the internal controls that a company adopts to be able to give an opinion on it and they do this based on the guidelines of the Public Accounting Board.
c) Auditor's work overseen by Public Accounting Board
The Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) was established by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act with it's main purpose being to monitor and oversee auditors as they audit companies so that they may protect the public from false financial information. They set rules and standards that Auditors must follow and these rules in turn have to be approved by the Securities and Exchanges Commission (SEC).
To ensure that the deeds of those corporations were never repeated, the US Congress created the Sarbanes-Oxley act in 2002:
An effective Internal Control.Auditors must evaluate internal controls.Auditor's work overseen by Public Accounting Board.US Congress passed the Sarbanes-Oxley act, all financial reports must contain an Internal Controls Report demonstrating that the company's financial data is accurate and that sufficient controls are in place to protect it.
A yearly evaluation of internal controls by a third-party CPA firm to see how successful each one is. The auditor of a publicly traded firm must vouch for management's evaluation of internal controls and provide a report on it.
As a result, the significance of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires are the aforementioned.
Learn more about on Internal Controls, here:
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Business process design (BPD) is also adequately named the following except:__________.
a. Reengineering
b. Business process innovation
c. Business process engineering
d. Downsizing or restructuring
Mary runs an ad in the paper offering a $5 reward for the return of her lost dog, Sparky. Mary has made a promise to pay the person who performs the act of returning Sparky. This is a(n) _____ contract. Select one: a. quasi b. implied c. bilateral d. unilateral
Answer:
This is a Unilateral contract
Explanation:
Mary has made a promise to pay the person who performs the act of returning Sparky therefore this is an example of a unilateral contract.
A unilateral contract is a type of contract agreement where an offeror such as Mary makes a promise to pay after the performance of a specified act, which is to return her dog Sparky
Ben has two options this weekend. He could work at his job and earn $8 per hour for three hours, or he could go to an exhibit at the art museum for that three hours. A ticket for the event costs $30. What is the opportunity cost of the event?
Answer:
Opportunity cost= -$54
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
He could work at his job and earn $8 per hour for three hours, or he could go to an exhibit at the art museum for those three hours. A ticket for the event costs $30.
The opportunity cost is the "cost" of not taking other alternatives.
Opportunity cost= total revenue - economic profit
Opportunity cost= -30 - 24= -$54
Charles is a stay-at-home parent who lives in New York City and teaches tennis lessons for extra cash. At a wage of $25 per hour, he is willing to teach 6 hours per week. At $35 per hour, he is willing to teach 16 hours per week. Using the midpoint method, the elasticity of Teresa’s labor supply between the wages of $25 and $35 per hour is approximately _________ , which means that Teresa’s supply of labor over this wage range is _________
Answer:
2.75, elastic.
Explanation:
Measure labor supply elasticity of Individual T's as follows :
[tex]\bf Elasticity=\frac{Percent \;change\;in\;labour\;hr}{\frac{Average\;labour\;hour}{\frac{Percent\;change\;in\;wage\;price}{Average\;wage\;price} } }[/tex]
[tex]\bf =\frac{16-6}{\frac{16+6}{\frac{2}{\frac{35-25}{\frac{35+25}{2} } } } }[/tex]
[tex]\bf=\frac{10}{\frac{11}{\frac{10}{30} } }[/tex]
[tex]\bf=\frac{0.91}{0.33}[/tex]
[tex]=2.75[/tex]
Therefore, the elasticity of the labour supply of Individual T's is approx. of earnings per hour. 2.75, meaning that the work supply of Person T's is elastic across this wage range
Oriole Distribution Co. has determined its December 31, 2020 inventory on a LIFO basis at $1007000. Information pertaining to that inventory follows: Estimated selling price $1050000 Estimated cost of disposal 43000 Normal profit margin 123000 Current replacement cost 927000 Oriole records losses that result from applying the lower-of-cost-or-market rule. At December 31, 2020, the loss that Oriole should recognize is
Answer:
At December 31, 2020, the loss that Oriole should recognize is $123,000
Explanation:
Given:
Estimated selling price = $ 1,050,000
Estimated cost of disposal = $43,000
Normal profit margin = $123,000
Current replacement cost = $927,000
Net realizable value of the inventory = Estimated selling price - Estimated cost of disposal
Net realizable value = $1,050,000 - $43,000 = $1,007,000
Replacement cost = $927,000
Net realizable value - Normal profit = $1,007,000 - $123,000 = $884,000
The replacement cost will be taken as the market value of the inventory because it is higher than the floor (net realizable value - normal profit) and lower than ceiling (net realizable value).
Cost of inventory = $1,007,000
Loss to be recognized using lower of cost or market rule = Cost - market value
= $1,007,000 - $884,000 = $123,000
Why are z-scores useful?
A. They help us calculate average sales.
B. They assume a non-normal distribution
C. They let us compare variables with different scales
D. They allow us to calculate the percentage of profits
Answer:
[tex]\pi \: option \: a \: and \: c \: [/tex]
Explanation:
Hope it works out !!!
Dollar-value LIFO:
a. Starts with ending inventory measured at current costs and re-creates LIFO layers for measuring inventory costs.
b. Increases the recordkeeping costs of LIFO.
c. Only is allowed for internal reporting purposes.
d. None of these answer choices are correct.
Answer:
a. Starts with ending inventory measured at current costs and re-creates LIFO layers for measuring inventory costs.
Explanation:
Dollar-value LIFO refers a technique of accounting that employed for inventory based on the last-in-first-out model.
To obtain the dollar-value LIFO, the conversion price index that will be used to calculate the LIFO cost layer for each period must be calculated first.
Therefore, Dollar-value LIFO starts with ending inventory measured at current costs and re-creates LIFO layers for measuring inventory costs.
Assume that on September 1, Office Depot had an inventory that included a variety of calculators. The company uses a perpetual inventory system. During September, these transactions occurred.
Sept. 6 Purchased calculators from Blossom Co. at a total cost of $1,750, terms n/30.
9 Paid freight of $50 on calculators purchased from Blossom Co.
10 Returned calculators to Blossom Co. for $58 credit because they did not meet specifications.
12 Sold calculators costing $510 for $700 to Fryer Book Store, terms n/30.
14 Granted credit of $35 to Fryer Book Store for the return of one calculator that was not ordered. The calculator cost $25.
20 Sold calculators costing $680 for $880 to Heasley Card Shop, terms n/30.
SHOW ALL WORK LIKE A JOURNAL ENTRY SHOULD LOOK.
Answer:
See the journal and the explanation underneath each transaction below.
Explanation:
The journal entry will look as follows:
Date Details Dr ($) Cr ($)
Sept. 06 Merchandise Inventory 1,750
Accounts payable 1,750
To record purchase of calculators on account.
Sept. 09 Merchandise Inventory 50
Cash 50
To record Freight paid on purchase of Merchandise Inventory.
Sept. 10 Accounts payable 58
Merchandise Inventory 58
To record calculator returned Blossom Co.
Sept. 12 Accounts Receivable 700
Sales 700
To record sale of calculators on account.
Sept. 12 Cost of goods sold 510
Merchandise Inventory 510
To transfer cost of calculators sold.
Sept. 14 Sales return and discounts 35
Accounts receivable 35
To record return of calculator sold which was not ordered.
Sept. 14 Merchandise Inventory 25
Cost of goods sold 25
To record cost of goods sold that was returned.
Sept. 20 Accounts Receivable 880
Sales 880
To record calculators sold on account.
Sept. 20 Cost of goods sold 680
Merchandise Inventory 680
To record cost of goods sold.
Calculate the times interest earned ratio using the financial statement data shown below. Current liabilities $185 Income before interest and taxes $170 10% Bonds, long-term 360 Interest expense 36 Total liabilities 545 Income before tax 134 Stockholders' equity Income tax 29 Common stock 222 Net income $105 Retained earnings 289 Total stockholders' equity 511 Total liabilities and equity $1,056HHF's times interest earned ratio is:______.a. 10.00.b. 3.14.c. 1.54.d. 2.14.Current liabilities $180 Income before interest and taxes $11810% Bonds, long-term 360 Interest expense 36Total liabilities 540 Income before tax 82Shareholders' equity Income tax 20Capital stock 201 Net income $62Retained earnings 283Total shareholders'equity 484Total liabilities and equity $1,024HHF's debt to equity ratio is:________.a. 0.74.b. 0.56.c. 1.12.d. 1.90.
Answer:
1. Times interest earned ratio is 4.72
2. Debt to equity ratio is 1.12. Option C
Explanation:
Current liabilities = $185
Income before interest and taxes = $170
10% Bonds, long-term = $360
Interest expense = $36
Total liabilities = $545
Income before tax = $134
Stockholders' equity Income tax = $29
Common stock = $222
Net income = $105
Retained earnings = $289
Total stockholders' equity = $511
Total liabilities and equity = $1,056
1. Times interest earned ratio = Earnings before interest and taxes/Interest expenses
= $170 ÷ $36
= 4.72
Current liabilities = $180
Income before interest and taxes = $118
10% Bonds, long-term = $360
Interest expense = $36
Total liabilities = $540
Income before tax = $82
Shareholders' equity Income tax = $20
Capital stock 201 Net income = $62
Retained earnings = $283
Total shareholders'equity = $484
Total liabilities and equity = $1,024
2. Debt to equity ratio = Total debt ÷ Total equity
= 540 ÷ 484
= 1.12
Smiley Corporation wholesales repair products to equipment manufacturers. On April 1, Year 1, Smiley issued $1,400,000 of 5-year, 6% bonds at a market (effective) interest rate of 3%, receiving cash of $1,593,666. Interest is payable semiannually on April 1 and October 1.
Required:
a. Journalize the entries to record the following.
1. Issuance of bonds on April 1, Year 1.
2. First interest payment on October 1, Year 1, and amortization of bond premium for six months, using the straight-line method. (Round to the nearest dollar.)
b. Explain why the company was able to issue the bonds for $22,282,220 rather than for the face amount of $21,300,000.
Answer:
a. Journalize the entries to record the following.
1. Issuance of bonds on April 1, Year 1.
Dr Cash 1,593,666
Cr Bonds payable 1,400,000
Cr Premium on bonds payable 193,666
2. First interest payment on October 1, Year 1, and amortization of bond premium for six months, using the straight-line method. (Round to the nearest dollar.)
premium per coupon = $193,666 / 10 coupons = $19,366.60
Dr Interest expense 22,633.40
Dr Premium on bonds payable 19,366.60
Cr Cash 42,000
b. Explain why the company was able to issue the bonds for $1,593,666 (not $22,282,220) rather than for the face amount of $1,400,000 (not $21,300,000).
Since the bond's coupon rate was higher than the market rate, investors were willing to pay more for the bond (premium) than its face value. At $1,593,666, the actual returns will equal the returns of a $1,400,000 bond issued at market rate.
11. Which ones of the four examples below is an example of value-migration? a. No one buys typewriters anymore, but they buy PCs even to type. b. HP now produces laser printers that can accept emailed inputs as well. c. Honda used its expertise in small engines to enter the lawn-mower market d. Sony lost share in the video recorder market, but gained the camcorder market.
Answer:
a. No one buys typewriters anymore, but they buy PCs even to type.
Explanation:
Value migration can be described as the change in the value-creating forces due to the migration of value from products or business models that are outmoded to business designs that able to give better satisfaction to the priorities of customers.
Therefore, the correct option is "no one buys typewriters anymore, but they buy PCs even to type" because typewriters are outmoded while PCs are the new designs.
