an experiment illustrating fizzy drink production
As you know, liquid hydrazine (N2H4) can be used as a rocket fuel. A rocket you designed has a total of 1.35E5 g of hydrazine when it loses power just beyond the atmosphere of Earth. It is on the dark side of the Earth at the time, and the external temperature is 116 K. By the time you notice, the internal temperature of the rocket (and the rocket fuel) has also reached 116 K. How much heat must be applied (in J) to the fuel to warm it back to its operating temperature of 298 K
The heat required to warm the fuel back to it's operating temperature is 3.83×10⁷ J
Data obtained from the question Mass (M) = 1.35×10⁵ g = 1.35×10⁵ / 1000 = 135 KgInitial temperature (T₁) = 116 KFinal temperature (T₂) = 298 KSpecific heat capacity (C) = 1559.45 J/KgK Heat (Q) =?How to determine the heat requiredThe heat required to warm the fuel can be obtained as follow:
Q = MC(T₂ – T₁)
Q = 135 × 1559.45 × (298 – 116)
Q = 135 × 1559.45 × 182
Q = 3.83×10⁷ J
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A container with a volume 2.0 L is filled with a gas at a pressure of 1.5 atm. By decreasing the volume of the container to 1.0 L, what is the resulting pressure? Type in your answer using the correct number of significant figures. Remember to use the formula for Boyle's law: P1V1 = P2V2
After reducing the starting volume, the gas has a resultant pressure of 3 atm.
Describe Boyle's Law.
Boyle's Law states that a gas's pressure is inversely proportionate to its volume at constant temperature:
P ∝ 1/V
The necessary equation for the posed question is:
P1V1 = P2V2, and
Initial pressure is P1 and is 1.5 atm.
Initial volume = 2 L for V1.
final pressure = P2 =?
Final volume = 1 L, or V2.
Using the aforementioned equation and all of these data, we obtain
P₂ = [tex]\frac{(1.5x2)}{1}[/tex]= 3atm
Therefore, 3 atm of pressure is needed.
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The main environmental factors that affect microorganism growth include chemical inhibitors, oxygen, pH, nutrients, moisture and...
The main environmental factors that affect microorganism growth include chemical inhibitors, oxygen, pH, nutrients, moisture and temperature.
What are micro organism?Micro Organism are organism that can be seen with a microscope.
Microorganisms include bacteria, protozoa, algae, and fungi.
Micro organisms exist in its single-celled form or as a colony of cells.
The main environmental factors that affect microorganism growth include chemical inhibitors, oxygen, pH, nutrients, moisture and temperature.
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Explain how the moon causes high and low tides.
Answer:
gravitational pull generates something called tidal force.
Explanation:
High and low tides are caused by the moon. the moons gravitational pull generates tidal force.
Beverly and Carl are in a race. Their graphs show the data.
A graph with horizontal axis time (seconds) and vertical axis velocity (meters per second). An orange line labeled Beverly starts at 0 seconds 0 meters and goes straight to 10 seconds 15 meters and then to 50 seconds 35 meters. A blue line labeled starts at 0 seconds 0 meters and goes straight to 10 seconds 10 meters and then to 50 seconds 30 meters.
Which best describes the race?
Given the data, the correct statement is
Even though for a majority of the race they accelerated at the same rate, Beverly won because her initial acceleration was greater than Carl’s
What is acceleration?This is defined as the rate of change of velocity which time. It is expressed as
a = (v – u) / t
Where
a is the acceleration v is the final velocity u is the initial velocity t is the time How to determine the initial acceleration of BeverlyInitial velocity (u) = 0 m/sFinal velocity (v) = 15 m/sTime (t) = 10 sInitial acceleration (a₁) =?a₁ = (v – u) / t
a₁ = (15 – 0) / 10
a₁ = 1.5 m/s²
How to determine the final acceleration of BeverlyInitial velocity (u) = 15 m/sFinal velocity (v) = 35 m/sTime (t) = 50 - 10 = 40 sFinal acceleration (a₂) =?a₂ = (v – u) / t
a₂ = (35 – 15) / 40
a₂ = 0.5 m/s²
How to determine the initial acceleration of CarlInitial velocity (u) = 0 m/sFinal velocity (v) = 10 m/sTime (t) = 10 sInitial acceleration (a₁) =?a₁ = (v – u) / t
a₁ = (10 – 0) / 10
a₁ = 1 m/s²
How to determine the final acceleration of CarlInitial velocity (u) = 10 m/sFinal velocity (v) = 30 m/sTime (t) = 50 - 10 = 40 sFinal acceleration (a₂) =?a₂ = (v – u) / t
a₂ = (30 – 10) / 40
a₂ = 0.5 m/s²
SUMMARY
Initial acceleration of Beverly = 1.5 m/s²Final acceleration of Beverly = 0.5 m/s²Initial acceleration of Carl = 1 m/s²Final acceleration of Carl = 0.5 m/s²From the above calculations, we can see that Beverly's initial acceleration is higher than that of Carl's and their final acceleration is the same.
Therefore, the correct answer to the question is:
Even though for a majority of the race they accelerated at the same rate, Beverly won because her initial acceleration was greater than Carl’s
Complete question
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Answer:
B) hope this helped.
-----------------------------
on edgy 2022
Explanation:
The 9.6 g object displaced
3.2 mL of water.
What is its density in g/mL?
density=[?] g/mL
Answer: 3
Explanation:
Density is mass/volume divide the mass 9.6 by the volume of 3.2
[tex]\frac{9.6}{3.2} =3[/tex]
The density of the object displaced in water is equal to 3 g/ml.
What is the density?The density of a substance can be described as the substance's mass per unit of its volume. The symbol is generally used to represent density ρ and the letter D can be used.
The mathematical formula of the density of a material can be represented as shown below:
Density = Mass/volume
ρ = m/V
The density of a material varies with pressure as well as temperature. There is a small variation in the density of the solids and liquids but much larger for gases. Increasing the pressure of the substance decreases the volume and thus increases its density.
As the object displaced water of volume of 3.2 ml.
Therefore, the volume of the object, V = 3.2 ml
The mass of the object, m = 9.6 g
The density of the object placed in water can be calculated as:
Density of object = 9.6/3.2 = 3 g/ml
Therefore, the density of the object is 3 g/ml.
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What is the pH of a solution with a
POH of 8.35?
Answer: The pH of the solution is 5.65
Explanation:
The relationship between the pH and the pOH is that [tex]pH+pOH=14[/tex].
Given this, we can plug in the pOH and subtract that from 14.
[tex]14-pOH=pH\\14-8.35=5.65[/tex]
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Answer:
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Chemical bonds are formed when valence electrons are:
Chemical bonds are formed when valence electrons are shared or donated.
Chemical bondsChemical bonds are formed between two or more atoms when electrons are transferred or shared between or among the participating atoms.
For example, ionic bonds are formed when a metal ion such as Na donates its valence electrons to a non-metallic ion such as Cl to form NaCl.
Covalent bonds are formed when participating ions shared their valence electrons to give each other octet states.
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Sulfuric acid is an important industrial chemical that
is usually produced by a series of reactions. One of
these involves an equilibrium between gaseous sulfur
dioxide, oxygen, and sulfur trioxide.
2 SO₂(g) + O₂(g) 2 SO₂(g)
If 2.5 mol of sulfur dioxide gas and 2.0 mol of
oxygen gas are placed in a sealed 1.0 L container
and allowed to reach equilibrium, 0.75 mol of sulfur
dioxide remains. Use an ICE table to determine the
concentration of the other gases at equilibrium.
The concentration of sulphur dioxide = 0.75 mol/litre, The concentration of Oxygen is 1.125 mol/litre, The concentration of sulphur trioxide is 1.75 mol/l.
What is a Balanced Equation ?A equation in which the atoms of each element in the reactants and the products are same is called Balanced Equation .
The equation given is
2 SO₂(g) + O₂(g) 2 SO₃(g)
The initial moles of sulphur dioxide gas = 2.5 mol.
Initial Moles of Oxygen is 2 moles
The moles of sulphur dioxide gas at equilibrium is 0.75 mol
The mole ratio of sulphur dioxide to oxygen is 2:1
The mole ratio of sulphur dioxide to sulphur trioxide is 1 :1
The used up moles of sulphur dioxide is
2.5 - 0.75 = 1.75 mol
The oxygen required by 1.75 mole is 0.875 mol
The oxygen at equilibrium will be
2 -0.875
1.125 mol
The sulphur trioxide formed from 1.75 mol of sulphur dioxide at the equilibrium will be 1.75 mol.
Concentration = moles / Volume
Volume = 1L
Therefore the concentration of sulphur dioxide = 0.75 mol/litre
The concentration of Oxygen is 1.125 mol/litre
The concentration of sulphur trioxide is 1.75 mol/l.
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How many grams of water are
produced from the complete
reaction of 12.25 moles
hydrogen, H2?
CO + 3H₂ → H₂O + CH4
[?] g H₂O
The weight of water produced from the complete reaction of 12.25 moles of Hydrogen is 73.5 g water
What is hydrogen gas used for?Hydrogen can be used in fuel cells to generate electricity, or power and heat.
Today, hydrogen is most commonly used in petroleum refining and fertilizer production, while transportation and utilities are emerging markets.
As according to given chemical equation,
3 moles of H₂ produces 1 mole (18 g) of water
Therefore,
The weight of water produced by 12.25 mole of hyrdogen will be ;
= 18 / 3 x 12.25 = 73.5 g water
Hence , The weight of water produced from the complete reaction of 12.25 moles of Hydrogen is 73.5 g water
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explain why nickel has a high density.
Density Of A Nickel:-
8.902 (25°C)
Explanation of why does nickel have a high density:-
Nickel is the only element named after the devil. The name comes from the German word Kupfernickel, meaning "Old Nick's copper," a term used by German miners. They tried to remove copper from an ore that looked like copper ore, but they were unsuccessful. ... Nickel is also used in the manufacture of many other alloys.
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why do crystals form during crystallisation
Answer: Crystallization is a technique which chemists use to purify solid compounds. Crystals often form in nature when liquids cool and start to harden. Certain molecules in the liquid gather together as they attempt to become stable. They do this in a uniform and repeating pattern that forms the crystal. The process is based on the principles of solubility: compounds (solutes) tend to be more soluble in hot liquids (solvents) than they are in cold liquids. If a saturated hot solution is allowed to cool, the solute is no longer soluble in the solvent and forms crystals of pure compound. Impurities are excluded from the growing crystals and the pure solid crystals can be separated from the dissolved impurities by filtration.
For an example the salt we get from seawater can have many impurities in it. Hence, the process of crystallization is in use to remove these impurities.
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As the solution cools, the solvent can no longer hold all of the solute molecules, and they begin to leave the solution and form solid crystals.
During this cooling, each solute molecule in turn approaches a growing crystal and rests on the crystal surface.
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what must happen for carbon dioxide to sublimate at a given pressure?
a. energy must transfer from the carbon dioxide to its surroundings.
b. the average kinetic energy of the carbon dioxide molecules must
decrease.
o c. the orderliness of the carbon dioxide molecules must increase.
d. energy must transfer to the carbon dioxide from its surroundings.
Answer: d. energy must transfer to the carbon dioxide from its surroundings.
Explanation:
Sublimation is the phase change from a solid to a gas, meaning that the particles will have more kinetic energy (since particles in the solid phase are more ordered than particles in the gas phase, and thus particles in the gas phase have more energy). Thus, for sublimation to occur, the particles need more energy, which must come from its surroundings.
What's the answer to this question? pls find it asap now
Answer:
B. Mixing a few teaspoons of salt into the water
Explanation:
Pure water doesn't contain any ions, therefore it cannot conduct electricity. Adding salt (NaCl) to the water causes the salt to ionize into Na⁺ and Cl⁻ ions, and the movement of the ions completes the circuit, causing the bulb to glow.
3 Cu + 8HNO3 g 3 Cu(NO3)2 + 2 NO + 4 H2O
In the above equation how many moles of NO can be made when 97.00 moles of HNO3 are consumed?
24.25 moles of NO can be produced using 97 moles of HNO3.
What is balanced chemical equation?Equal numbers of atoms from various elements are present in both the reactants and the products in balanced chemical equations. Varied elements' atom counts in the reactants and products of unbalanced chemical equations are different.
3 Cu + 8HNO3 g → 3 Cu(NO3)2 + 2 NO + 4 H2O
The number of moles consumed can be calculated using comparing with coefficients in the balanced reaction .
So , from above eq we get that 8 moles of HNO3 are consumed to make 2 moles of NO.
⇒ 8 HNO3⇔2 NO
⇒ 1 HNO3⇔ 1/4 NO
This means that for each mole of HNO3 produces 1/4 moles of NO.
So , for 97 moles of HNO3 , [tex]\frac{1}{4} *97[/tex] moles of NO can be made,
So, total moles of NO made are 24.25 moles.
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24.25 moles of NO would be made when 97 moles of [tex]HNO_{3}[/tex] are consumed
Given reaction:
[tex]3 Cu + 8HNO_{3} - > 3 Cu(NO_{3})_{2} + 2 NO + 4 H_{2}O[/tex]
As the given reaction is already balanced so we don't need to balance it
In a balanced chemical reaction the ratio of reactants consumed and products formed always remains constant.
∵ In the given Reaction we can analyse for 8 moles [tex]HNO_{3}[/tex] consumed 2 moles of [tex]NO[/tex] are being produced.
Assuming [tex]x[/tex] moles of [tex]NO[/tex] being produced when [tex]97[/tex] moles [tex]HNO_{3[/tex] produced
∵ Ratio remains constant
⇒[tex]\frac{HNO_{3} Consumed}{NO Produced} = \frac{8}{2} =\frac{97}{x}[/tex]
⇒[tex]x=\frac{97}{4}=24.25[/tex] moles
∴ 24.25 moles of [tex]NO[/tex] would be made.
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How many molecules are contained in 1.55 moles of methane, CH 4 ?
Avogadro's law states that in one mole of a substance, there are [tex]6.022 \times 10^{23}[/tex] molecules.
This means that in 1.55 moles, there are [tex]1.55(6.022 \times 10^{23})=\boxed{9.33 \times 10^{23} \text{( to 3 sf)}}[/tex]
What kind of nuclear reaction is seen in (image)?
Answer:
Beta decay
Explanation:
A beta particle (also known as an electron) is being emitted from the nuclide.
HELP FAST PLEASE! What is the limiting reactant if 43.4 g of NH3 react with 30 g of NO? The balanced equation is 4NH3 + 6NO --> 5N2 + 6H2O.
Choices:
A. H2O
B. NH3
C. NO
D. N2
The limiting reactant in the reaction is the NO molecule.
What is limiting reactant?The limiting reactant is the reactant that is present in the least amount in the reaction. The rate of reaction depends on the limiting reactant.
Given the reaction; 4NH3 + 6NO --> 5N2 + 6H2O.
Number of moles of NH3 = 43.4 g/17 g/mol = 2.55 moles
Number of moles of NO = 30 g/30 g/mol = 1 mole
Now if 4 moles of NH3 reacts with 6 moles of NO
2.55 moles of NH3 reacts with 2.55 moles * 6 moles/ 4 moles
= 3.8 moles
Hence, the limiting reactant in this reaction is NO.
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the hemiacetal below is treated with 18o-labeled methanol (ch3o*h) and acid. where will the label appear in the products?
The label appears in the organic product and not in the water owing to the fact that water is eliminated as -OCH3 replaces -OH.
What is a labeled reaction?Isotopic labelling is one of the methods by which a chemical reaction is studied. In this case, we can see that the reaction occurs with the hemiacetal reacting with a labeled methanol.
By looking at the reaction products we can see that the label appears in the organic product and not in the water owing to the fact that water is eliminated as -OCH3 replaces -OH.
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Fluorite is..
a. harder than apatite but softer than calcite
b. harder than gypsum but softer than apatite
c. harder than calcite but softer than feldspar
d. harder than feldspar but softer than apatite
Fluorite is harder than gypsum but softer than apatite. Thus, the correct option is B.
What is the hardness of any element?The hardness of any element may be defined as the capability of a material to oppose the process of deformation and remains in actual shape precisely.
According to the table of hardness scales by Mohs, the increasing order of given hardness of given elements is as follows:
Gypsum < Fluorite < Apatite.
Therefore, Fluorite is harder than gypsum but softer than apatite. Thus, the correct option is B.
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2Na+S→Na2S
What is the total number of moles of S that react when 4.0 moles of Na were completely consumed?
Answer:
2.0 moles S
Explanation:
To find the number of moles of S, you need to convert the moles Na to moles S via the mole-to-mole ratio. This ratio is represented by the coefficients in the balanced equation. Because you wish to find moles S, you want to put this number in the numerator. Because you want to eliminate the moles Na, this number should be in the denominator.
2 Na + 1 S ---> Na₂S
4.0 moles Na 1 mole S
---------------------- x --------------------- = 2.0 moles S
2 moles Na
What type of reaction is: ammonium nitrate -> dinitrogen monoxide + water?
A. Double Replacement
B. Combustion
C. Synthesis
D. Decomposition
Answer: Decomposition
Explanation:
Decomposition reactions involve a substance breaking down into simpler substances.
Most alkaline permanent waves have a pH between:
The alkaline permanent waves have a pH between 9.0 to 9.6.
What are Alkaline permanent waves?Alkaline permanent waves are chemical that is apply to the hair. The alkaline perm makes the hair curly or wavy.
The major ingredient is the ammonium thioglycolate and ammonium hydroxide.
The alkaline permanent wave is alkaline in nature and the pH scale for alkaline substances are higher.
pH of 7 depicts neutrality while pH of 7 and above depicts alkalinity.
Therefore, alkaline permanent waves have a pH between 9.0 to 9.6.
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A 25.0 g sample of metal at
16.0 °C is warmed to 22.1 °C
by 259 ] of energy.
What is the change in temperature
for the metal?
Record your answer to the tenths place.
The change in temperature of the metal is 6.1°C. Details about change in temperature can be found below.
How to calculate change in temperature?The change in temperature of a substance can be calculated by subtracting the initial temperature of the substance from the final temperature.
According to this question, a 25.0 g sample of metal at 16.0 °C is warmed to 22.1 °C by 259J of energy.
This means that the change in temperature of the metal can be calculated as:
∆T = 22.1°C - 16°C
∆T = 6.1°C
Therefore, the change in temperature of the metal is 6.1°C.
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Answer: 6.1°C.
Explanation: just for some extra verification, the answer is indeed 6.1°C. Hope this helps and have a great day!
A 2. 75-l container filled with co2 gas at 25°c and 225 kpa pressure springs a leak. When the container is re-sealed, the pressure is 185 kpa and the temperature is 10°c. How many moles of gas were lost?.
The number of moles of gas lost is 0.0213 mol. It can be solved with the help of Ideal gas law.
What is Ideal law ?According to this law, "the volume of a given amount of gas is directly proportional to the number on moles of gas, directly proportional to the temperature and inversely proportional to the pressure. i.e.
PV = nRT.
Where,
p = pressure V = volume (1.75 L = 1.75 x 10⁻³ m³)T = absolute temperature n = number of molesR = gas constant, 8.314 J*(mol-K)Therefore, the number of moles is
n = PV / RT
State 1 :
T₁ = (25⁰ C = 25+273 = 298 K)p₁ = 225 kPa = 225 x 10³ N/m²State 2 :
T₂ = 10 C = 283 Kp₂ = 185 kPa = 185 x 10³ N/m²The loss in moles of gas from state 1 to state 2 is
Δn = V/R (P₁/T₁ - P₂/T₂ )
V/R = (1.75 x 10⁻³ m³)/(8.314 (N-m)/(mol-K) = 2.1049 x 10⁻⁴ (mol-m²-K)/N
p₁/T₁ = (225 x 10³)/298 = 755.0336 N/(m²-K)
p₂/T₂ = (185 x 10³)/283 = 653.7102 N/(m²-K)
Therefore,
Δn = (2.1049 x 10⁻⁴ (mol-m²-K)/N)*(755.0336 - 653.7102 N/(m²-K))
= 0.0213 mol
Hence, The number of moles of gas lost is 0.0213 mol.
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Explain why the Group 1 metals react vigorously with water.
The metals want to have a full outer electron shell, which involves them losing their one outer electron. Therefore, they react vigorously since they have a large desire to remove the electron.
A group of students working in a chemistry lab are planning a procedure to
neutralize hydrochloric acid (HCI, strong acid). How should they BEST accomplish
this?
use a strong base to neutralize, like NaOH, KOH, etc
A container with oxygen, xenon and helium has a total pressure of 1436.4kPa. If the pressure of the helium is 348.1kPa and the pressure of the oxygen is 516.8kPa, what is the pressure (kPa) of the xenon?
The partial pressure of xenon is 571.5 KPa if the total pressure is 1436.4kPa.
What is partial pressure?The pressure exerted by a (specified) component in a mixture of gases.
According to Dalton's law of partial pressure, the net pressure of a gaseous mixture is always equal to the sum of the partial pressures of individual gases.
Now we are given that the total pressure is 1436.4kPa
The partial pressure of helium is 348.1kPa
The partial pressure of oxygen is 516.8kPa
Partial Pressure of xenon?
Using dalton's law;
1436.4kPa = 348.1kPa + 516.8kPa + partial pressure of xenon
The partial pressure of xenon is 571.5 KPa.
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An avalanche comes down the East side of the mountain. If the avalanche lasted for 97 seconds and travels 4.5 miles, what was the velocity of the avalanche?
The velocity of the avalanche is 0.04 miles / sec. If the avalanche lasted for 97 seconds and travels 4.5 miles,
What is Velocity ?Velocity is a vector expression of the displacement that an object or particle undergoes with respect to time .
The standard unit of velocity magnitude (also known as speed ) is the meter per second (m/s). Alternatively, the centimeter per second (cm/s) can be used to express velocity magnitude.
Given ;
Time = 97 secDistance = 4.5 milesFormula used ;
Velocity = Distance / Time
Therefore,
Velocity = 4.5 miles / 97 sec
= 0.04 miles / sec
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