Below are sample standard word problems involving application of Newton's laws of motion.
1. A box with mass 10.5 kg moves on a ramp that is inclined at an angle of 50.0∘ above the horizontal. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the box and the ramp surface is μk = 0.310. Calculate the magnitude of the acceleration of the box if you push on the box with a constant force F = 125.0 N that is parallel to the ramp surface and directed up the ramp, moving the box up the ramp.
2. A 60.0-kg crate rests on a level floor at a shipping dock. The coefficients of static and kinetic friction are 0.760 and 0.410, respectively. What horizontal pushing force is required to just start the crate moving and slide the crate across the dock at a constant speed? Note: Two FBDs will be provided here. The first FBD is for the crate that is about to move and the second FBD is for the crate that is already in motion at a constant speed.
Disregard the calculation part, your task is to (a) identify the forces acted on the object (in bold) and (b) draw its FBD. For Part A, you will be graded based on the correctly identified force. For each wrongly identified force, it will be deducted from your correct ones. For Part B, you will be graded based on the accuracy and completeness of your FBD with 5 points as the maximum score and 0 point as the lowest score.

Answers

Answer 1

The magnitude of the acceleration of the box if you push on the box with a constant force F = 125.0 N that is parallel to the ramp surface and directed up the ramp is 9.96 m / s²

N = m g cos θ

N = 10.5 * 9.8 * cos 50°

N = 65.86 N

∑ [tex]F_{x}[/tex] = m a

F - f = m a

F - μ N = m a

125 - ( 0.31 * 65.86 ) = 10.5 * a

125 - 20.42 = 10.5 a

a = 104.58 / 10.5

a = 9.96 m / s²

To just start the crate to move,

Fs = μs m g

Fs = 0.76 * 60 * 9.8

Fs = 446.88 N

To slide the crate across the dock at a constant speed,

F = μk m g

F = 0.41 * 60 * 9.8

F = 241.1 N

Therefore,

1 ) a = 9.96 m / s²

2 ) Fs = 446.88 N ; F = 241.1 N

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Related Questions

(please help answer with solution 50 points)
A golfer can hit a golf ball a horizontal distance of over 300 m on a good drive What maximum height will a 301.5 m drive each if it is launched at an angle of 25.0" to the ground? (Hint: At the top of its flight, the ball's vertical velocity com ponent will be zero.)

Answers

The maximum height of the ball is 35.1m.

Solution:

The angle of launch, theta = 25 degree

Let the initial velocity of launch be u

For a horizontal range , R = 301.5 m = u^2 * sin(2*theta) /g

301.5 = u^2 * sin(2*25) /9.81

u = 62.14 m/s

The maximum height , hm = (u * sin(theta))^2 /2g

hm  = (62.14 * sin(25) )^2 /(2*9.81) m

hm = 35.1 m

At its highest point, the vertical velocity is zero. As the object falls toward the Earth its vertical velocity increases again, but points in the opposite direction to its initial vertical velocity. This is because gravity acts vertically downward, causing deceleration and making the vertical component of velocity zero. Projectile Motion for Vertical Velocity Calculator is an online tool for calculating the vertical velocity of particles in projectile motion.

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A 4 kilogram object accelerates at 2.5 m/s2. What is the net force in Newtons of the object?

Answers

The net force in Newtons of the object is 10N.

Solution:

m1 = 4kg

a = 2.5m/s²

Force m = ma

F = 4 * 2.5 = 10N.

The greater the net force acting on an object the greater its acceleration. Newton's second law of motion summarizes these relationships. We can rewrite the acceleration equation above to find the net force. The net force on an object is the combined effect of all compressive and tensile forces actually acting on the object.

When the forces pushing or pulling an object are unbalanced the object accelerates in the direction of the net force. The net force is the sum of all the individual forces acting on an object. Newton's first law can be viewed as a special case of Newton's second law when the net force F is zero. The acceleration must also be zero.

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A round stone rolls towards the edge of 21 meter cliff. As it reaches the edge of the cliff,
it is moving forward with a speed of 6.7 m/s. How far, horizontally, from the cliff face
will the rock land?

Answers

Answer:

13.9 m

Explanation:

Find time to fall vertically from 21 m to ground then multiply this TIME by the horizontal rate of 6.7 m/s

d = 1/2 a t^2

21 = 1/2 (9.81) t^2     shows t = 2.069 s

2.069 s * 6.7 m/s = 13.9 m

Octane is a component of gasoline. It reacts with oxygen, O2 , to form carbon dioxide and water. Is octane an element or a compound? How can you tell?

Answers

Octane is a compound since it is composed of more than two elements of the periodic table.

What is octane?

Octane is a linear hydrocarbon made up of hydrogen and carbon molecules, which makes it an organic molecule. Octane will be part of the composition of gasoline. The quality of the gasoline is measured by the octane number, the more octane there is, the higher the octane number and the better the quality of the gasoline.

It is a compound since it is said to be if it is made up of more than two elements from the periodic table. The elements of the compound cannot be separated by physical processes such as filtration or decantation, but only by chemical processes.

Therefore, we can confirm that octane is a compound since it is composed of more than two elements of the periodic table.

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According to the psychoanalytic perspective a personality personality is based on

Answers

The psychoanalytic perspective states that a personality is based on the childhood experiences as well as unconscious mind.

What do you mean by psychoanalytic perspective?

In English, the terms psychoanalytic and psychoanalytical are employed. The latter phrase, which is older, originally just meant "related to the investigation of the human psyche." However, both titles evolved to refer to that as psychoanalysis became recognized as a separate therapeutic discipline. Even while both are still in use, psychoanalysis is the more common descriptor nowadays. Humans are defined as having sexual and violent urges from the perspective of a psychoanalytic lens.

Psychoanalytic theory of personality: a psychoanalytic approach that focuses on each person's unconscious thoughts, beliefs, and memories. It says that these traits affect our personalities and behaviors.

The three level of consciousness are:

Consciousness

According to Freud, every human has a conscious mind that stores all of the information they are aware of about their surroundings. Any ideas, emotions, or even easily recalled memories are all included in the conscious mind. It's all we already know and are conscious of.

Preconsciousness

The level immediately beneath aware is known as preconscious. Everything that is not in the conscious mind but may very simply be recalled and become conscious is included in the preconscious mind.

Unconsciousness

The unconscious mind is the third and last degree of consciousness. Anything that is suppressed, seems to have been forgotten, or any emotion or thought that is not conscious is what is known as the unconscious mind. This could include mistreatment or bullying of children toward their parents.

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A piece of clay sits 0.22 m from the center of a potter’s wheel.
If the potter spins the wheel at an angular speed of 20.5 rad/s, what is the magnitude of the centripetal acceleration of the piece of clay on the wheel?
Answer in units of m/s2.

Answers

The magnitude of the centripetal acceleration of the piece of clay on the wheel will be  4.51 [tex]m/s^{2}[/tex]

When an object  is moving in a circle , it experiences an acceleration towards the center of the circle is known as Centripetal acceleration

centripetal acceleration = radius * ([tex]omega^{2}[/tex])

                                        = 0.22 * 20.5

                                        = 4.51 [tex]m/s^{2}[/tex]

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A museum curator moves artifacts into place on many different display surfaces consider the following table giving approximate values for coefficient of friction.
What is Fs,mar for moving a 154 kg aluminum sculpture across a horizontal steel
platform? The acceleration of gravity is
9.81 m/s².
Answer in units of N.

Answers

Static friction is 0 N ≤ [tex]f_{max}[/tex] ≤ 920.612N

Maximum static friction is 920.612N

Kinetic friction is 709.324N

How do kinetic and static friction differ?

Kinetic and Static Friction The friction that exists between two systems when they are in touch and immobile with respect to one another is known as static friction. Kinetic friction is the friction that occurs when two systems are in contact and moving in relation to one another.

Aluminum and steel have a static friction coefficient of [tex]\mu_{k}[/tex] =0.47  and a kinetic friction coefficient of [tex]\mu_{s}[/tex] = 0.61 respectively.

Given.

Mass = 154 kg

The weight of the sculpture made of aluminum will exert a normal force equal to that of the steel platform. This is,

N = mg

The static friction is now calculated by multiplying the normal force by the coefficient of static friction. From 0 to limiting friction, the static friction ranges.

The maximum static friction that a body can experience in order to prevent motion is known as the limiting friction.

The limiting friction value, often known as the maximum static friction, is given as:

[tex]f_{max} = \mu_{s} N =\mu_{s} mg[/tex] = 0.61 ×154×9.8 = 920.612N.

Static friction is defined as follows:

0 N ≤ [tex]f_{max}[/tex] ≤ 920.612N.

The frictional force that affects a body as it is moving while being acted upon by forces is known as kinetic friction. As a result, the product of normal force and the coefficient of kinetic friction is kinetic friction. Kinetic friction is a persistent force that opposes.

So, the formula for kinetic friction is:

[tex]f_{k}[/tex] = [tex]\mu_{k}[/tex]N

[tex]f_{k}[/tex] = [tex]\mu_{k}[/tex]mg

[tex]f_{k}[/tex] = 0.47×154×9.8

[tex]f_{k}[/tex] = 709.324N.

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